This report studies the Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining market, covering market size for segment by type (Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Pure-Electric Vehicles, etc.), by application (Construction, Agriculture, etc.), by sales channel (Direct Channel, Distribution Channel), by player (Komatsu, Caterpillar, Hitachi, John Deere, Volvo, etc.) and by region (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America and Middle East & Africa).
This report provides detailed historical analysis of global market for Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining from 2017-2022, and provides extensive market forecasts from 2023-2031 by region/country and subsectors. It covers the sales/revenue/value, gross margin, historical growth and future perspectives in the Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining market.
The research methodology used to estimate and forecast this market begins by capturing the revenues of the key players and their shares in the market. Various secondary sources such as press releases, annual reports, non-profit organizations, industry associations, governmental agencies and customs data, have been used to identify and collect information useful for this extensive commercial study of the market. Calculations based on this led to the overall market size. After arriving at the overall market size, the total market has been split into several segments and subsegments, which have then been verified through primary research by conducting extensive interviews with industry experts such as CEOs, VPs, directors, and executives. The data triangulation and market breakdown procedures have been employed to complete the overall market engineering process and arrive at the exact statistics for all segments and subsegments.
Leading players of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining including:
Komatsu
Caterpillar
Hitachi
John Deere
Volvo
Atlas Copco
SUNWARD
Merlo
Market split by Type, can be divided into:
Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Pure-Electric Vehicles
Market split by Application, can be divided into:
Construction
Agriculture
Mining
Market split by Sales Channel, can be divided into:
Direct Channel
Distribution Channel
Market segment by Region/Country including:
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia and Spain etc.)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, Australia and Southeast Asia etc.)
South America (Brazil, Argentina and Colombia etc.)
Middle East & Africa (South Africa, UAE and Saudi Arabia etc.)
If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we can provide you the customized report as you want.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Overview
1.1 Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Definition
1.2 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size Status and Outlook (2017-2031)
1.3 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size Comparison by Region (2017-2031)
1.4 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size Comparison by Type (2017-2031)
1.5 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size Comparison by Application (2017-2031)
1.6 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size Comparison by Sales Channel (2017-2031)
1.7 Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Dynamics
1.7.1 Market Drivers/Opportunities
1.7.2 Market Challenges/Risks
1.7.3 Market News (Mergers/Acquisitions/Expansion)
1.7.4 COVID-19 Impacts
1.7.5 Russia-Ukraine War Impacts
Chapter 2 Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Segment Analysis by Player
2.1 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Market Share by Player (2020-2022)
2.2 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue and Market Share by Player (2020-2022)
2.3 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Average Price by Player (2020-2022)
2.4 Players Competition Situation & Trends
2.5 Conclusion of Segment by Player
Chapter 3 Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Segment Analysis by Type
3.1 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market by Type
3.1.1 Hybrid Electric Vehicles
3.1.2 Pure-Electric Vehicles
3.2 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
3.3 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
3.4 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Average Price by Type (2017-2022)
3.5 Leading Players of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining by Type in 2022
3.6 Conclusion of Segment by Type
Chapter 4 Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Segment Analysis by Application
4.1 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market by Application
4.1.1 Construction
4.1.2 Agriculture
4.1.3 Mining
4.2 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
4.3 Leading Consumers of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining by Application in 2022
4.4 Conclusion of Segment by Application
Chapter 5 Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Segment Analysis by Sales Channel
5.1 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market by Sales Channel
5.1.1 Direct Channel
5.1.2 Distribution Channel
5.2 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue and Market Share by Sales Channel (2017-2022)
5.3 Leading Distributors/Dealers of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining by Sales Channel in 2022
5.4 Conclusion of Segment by Sales Channel
Chapter 6 Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Segment Analysis by Region
6.1 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size and CAGR by Region (2017-2031)
6.2 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
6.3 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue and Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
6.4 North America
6.4.1 North America Market by Country
6.4.2 North America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Type
6.4.3 North America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Application
6.4.4 United States
6.4.5 Canada
6.4.6 Mexico
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 Europe Market by Country
6.5.2 Europe Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Type
6.5.3 Europe Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Application
6.5.4 Germany
6.5.5 UK
6.5.6 France
6.5.7 Italy
6.5.8 Russia
6.5.9 Spain
6.6 Asia-Pacific
6.6.1 Asia-Pacific Market by Country
6.6.2 Asia-Pacific Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Type
6.6.3 Asia-Pacific Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Application
6.6.4 China
6.6.5 Japan
6.6.6 Korea
6.6.7 India
6.6.8 Southeast Asia
6.6.9 Australia
6.7 South America
6.7.1 South America Market by Country
6.7.2 South America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Type
6.7.3 South America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Application
6.7.4 Brazil
6.7.5 Argentina
6.7.6 Colombia
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 Middle East & Africa Market by Country
6.8.2 Middle East & Africa Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Type
6.8.3 Middle East & Africa Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Application
6.8.4 UAE
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia
6.8.6 South Africa
6.9 Conclusion of Segment by Region
Chapter 7 Profile of Leading Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Players
7.1 Komatsu
7.1.1 Company Snapshot
7.1.2 Product/Service Offered
7.1.3 Business Performance (Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share)
7.2 Caterpillar
7.3 Hitachi
7.4 John Deere
7.5 Volvo
7.6 Atlas Copco
7.7 SUNWARD
7.8 Merlo
Chapter 8 Upstream and Downstream Analysis of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining
8.1 Industrial Chain of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining
8.2 Upstream of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining
8.3 Downstream of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining
Chapter 9 Development Trend of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining (2023-2031)
9.1 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size (Sales and Revenue) Forecast (2023-2031)
9.2 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size and CAGR Forecast by Region (2023-2031)
9.3 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size and CAGR Forecast by Type (2023-2031)
9.4 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size and CAGR Forecast by Application (2023-2031)
9.5 Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size and CAGR Forecast by Sales Channel (2023-2031)
Chapter 10 Appendix
10.1 Research Methodology
10.2 Data Sources
10.3 Disclaimer
10.4 Analysts Certification
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables and Figures
Figure Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Example
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) Status and Outlook (2017-2031)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) Comparison by Region (2017-2031)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) Comparison by Type (2017-2031)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) Comparison by Application (2017-2031)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) Comparison by Sales Channel (2017-2031)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales by Player (2020-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Player (2020-2022)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Player in 2022
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) by Player (2020-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Player (2020-2022)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Player in 2022
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Average Price by Player (2020-2022)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Average Price by Player in 2022
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Players Competition Situation ? Top 5 Players? Revenue Market Share in 2020
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Players Competition Trends ? Top 5 Players? Revenue Market Share in 2022
Figure Example of Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Figure Global Hybrid Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Example of Pure-Electric Vehicles
Figure Global Pure-Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Type in 2022
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Type in 2022
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Average Price by Type (2017-2022)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Average Price by Type in 2022
Table Leading Players of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining by Type in 2022
Figure Example of Construction
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining for Construction Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Example of Agriculture
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining for Agriculture Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Example of Mining
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining for Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales by Application (2017-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Application in 2022
Table Leading Consumers of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining by Application in 2022
Figure Example of Direct Channel
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining for Direct Channel Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Example of Distribution Channel
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining for Distribution Channel Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue by Sales Channel (2017-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Sales Channel (2017-2022)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Sales Channel in 2022
Table Leading Distributors/Dealers of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining by Sales Channel in 2022
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size and CAGR by Region (2017-2031)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales by Region (2017-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Region in 2022
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) by Region (2017-2022)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Region in 2022
Table North America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales by Country (2017-2022)
Figure North America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)
Table North America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue by Country (2017-2022)
Figure North America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)
Figure North America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure North America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure United States Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure United States Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Canada Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Canada Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Mexico Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Mexico Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Europe Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales by Country (2017-2022)
Figure Europe Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)
Table Europe Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue by Country (2017-2022)
Figure Europe Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)
Figure Europe Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure Europe Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure Germany Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Germany Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure UK Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure UK Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure France Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure France Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Italy Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Italy Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Russia Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Russia Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Spain Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Spain Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Asia-Pacific Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales by Country (2017-2022)
Figure Asia-Pacific Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)
Table Asia-Pacific Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue by Country (2017-2022)
Figure Asia-Pacific Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)
Figure Asia-Pacific Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure Asia-Pacific Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure China Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure China Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Japan Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Japan Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Korea Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Korea Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure India Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure India Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Australia Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Australia Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table South America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales by Country (2017-2022)
Figure South America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)
Table South America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue by Country (2017-2022)
Figure South America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)
Figure South America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure South America Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure Brazil Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Brazil Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Argentina Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Argentina Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Colombia Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Colombia Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Middle East & Africa Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales by Country (2017-2022)
Figure Middle East & Africa Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales Market Share by Country (2017-2022)
Table Middle East & Africa Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue by Country (2017-2022)
Figure Middle East & Africa Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue Market Share by Country (2017-2022)
Figure Middle East & Africa Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure Middle East & Africa Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure UAE Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure UAE Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Saudi Arabia Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Saudi Arabia Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure South Africa Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure South Africa Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue (Million $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Company Snapshot of Komatsu
Table Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Introduction of Komatsu
Table Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share of Komatsu (2020-2022)
Table Industrial Chain of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining
Table Manufacturing Cost Structure of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining
Table General Manufacturing Process of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining
Table Leading Distributors/Dealers of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining
Table Leading Consumers of Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2031)
Figure Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2031)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size and CAGR Forecast by Region (2023-2031)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size and CAGR Forecast by Type (2023-2031)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size and CAGR Forecast by Application (2023-2031)
Table Global Electric Vehicles for Construction, Agriculture and Mining Market Size and CAGR Forecast by Sales Channel (2023-2031)