ToF (Time-of-Flight) is a 3D sensing technology that calculates the distance and depth between objects by measuring the time of flight of light. It is a technology that recognizes the three-dimensional effect, spatial information and motion of an object by calculating the distance to the object after measuring the time of the reflected signal by sending infrared wavelengths to the object, so it is applied to Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). The ToF sensor must be driven with a Driver IC. In automotive applications, ToF can be used for autonomous driving, collision avoidance automatic braking, and OOP as depth ranging, such as lidar and smart cameras.
This report contains market size and forecasts of Automobile ToF Driver IC in global, including the following market information:
Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Revenue, 2018-2023, 2023-2030, ($ millions)
Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Sales, 2018-2023, 2023-2030, (K Units)
Global top five Automobile ToF Driver IC companies in 2022 (%)
The global Automobile ToF Driver IC market was valued at US$ 14 million in 2022 and is projected to reach US$ 129.3 million by 2030, at a CAGR of 37.1% during the forecast period 2023-2030.
The largest automobile ToF driver IC manufacturer in the world is Melexis, which accounts for about 72% of the global market share. Europe is the world's largest market with over 50% market share, followed by Asia-Pacific and North America with nearly 25% and 15% respectively.In terms of product, dToF driver IC is the largest segment, with a share over 83%. And in terms of application, the largest application is passenger car, followed by commercial vehicle.
We surveyed the Automobile ToF Driver IC manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market, by Type, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2022 (%)
dToF Driver IC
iToF Driver IC
Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market, by Application, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2022 (%)
Passenger Car
Commercial Vehicle
Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market, By Region and Country, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2022 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Automobile ToF Driver IC revenues in global market, 2018-2023 (Estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Automobile ToF Driver IC revenues share in global market, 2022 (%)
Key companies Automobile ToF Driver IC sales in global market, 2018-2023 (Estimated), (K Units)
Key companies Automobile ToF Driver IC sales share in global market, 2022 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
ams
Melexis
Infineon
Silicon Integrated
OPNOUS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size: 2022 VS 2030
2.2 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2030
2.3 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales: 2018-2030
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Automobile ToF Driver IC Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Automobile ToF Driver IC Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.7 Global Manufacturers Automobile ToF Driver IC Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Automobile ToF Driver IC Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Automobile ToF Driver IC Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Automobile ToF Driver IC Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2030
4.1.2 dToF Driver IC
4.1.3 iToF Driver IC
4.2 By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2023-2030
4.2.3 By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
4.3 By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2018-2023
4.3.2 By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2023-2030
4.3.3 By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
4.4 By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2030
5 Sights By Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2022 & 2030
5.1.2 Passenger Car
5.1.3 Commercial Vehicle
5.2 By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2023-2030
5.2.3 By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
5.3 By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2018-2023
5.3.2 By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2023-2030
5.3.3 By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
5.4 By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2022 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2023-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6.3 By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2018-2023
6.3.2 By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2023-2030
6.3.3 By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2018-2030
6.4.2 By Country - North America Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2018-2030
6.4.3 US Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.4 Canada Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.5 Mexico Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2018-2030
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2018-2030
6.5.3 Germany Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.4 France Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.5 U.K. Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.6 Italy Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.7 Russia Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.9 Benelux Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2018-2030
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2018-2030
6.6.3 China Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.4 Japan Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.5 South Korea Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.7 India Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2018-2030
6.7.2 By Country - South America Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2018-2030
6.7.3 Brazil Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.4 Argentina Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2018-2030
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, 2018-2030
6.8.3 Turkey Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8.4 Israel Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
6.8.6 UAE Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size, 2018-2030
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 ams
7.1.1 ams Corporate Summary
7.1.2 ams Business Overview
7.1.3 ams Automobile ToF Driver IC Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 ams Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.1.5 ams Key News
7.2 Melexis
7.2.1 Melexis Corporate Summary
7.2.2 Melexis Business Overview
7.2.3 Melexis Automobile ToF Driver IC Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Melexis Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.2.5 Melexis Key News
7.3 Infineon
7.3.1 Infineon Corporate Summary
7.3.2 Infineon Business Overview
7.3.3 Infineon Automobile ToF Driver IC Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Infineon Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Infineon Key News
7.4 Silicon Integrated
7.4.1 Silicon Integrated Corporate Summary
7.4.2 Silicon Integrated Business Overview
7.4.3 Silicon Integrated Automobile ToF Driver IC Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Silicon Integrated Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Silicon Integrated Key News
7.5 OPNOUS
7.5.1 OPNOUS Corporate Summary
7.5.2 OPNOUS Business Overview
7.5.3 OPNOUS Automobile ToF Driver IC Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 OPNOUS Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.5.5 OPNOUS Key News
8 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Production Capacity, 2018-2030
8.2 Automobile ToF Driver IC Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Automobile ToF Driver IC Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Automobile ToF Driver IC Industry Value Chain
10.2 Automobile ToF Driver IC Upstream Market
10.3 Automobile ToF Driver IC Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Automobile ToF Driver IC Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Automobile ToF Driver IC in Global Market
Table 2. Top Automobile ToF Driver IC Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 3. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 4. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 5. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 6. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Automobile ToF Driver IC Price (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Automobile ToF Driver IC Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Automobile ToF Driver IC Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Automobile ToF Driver IC Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 12. By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 14. By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 15. By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), 2023-2030
Table 16. By Application ? Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 17. By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 18. By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 19. By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 20. By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), 2023-2030
Table 21. By Region ? Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 VS 2030
Table 22. By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 24. By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), 2023-2030
Table 26. By Country - North America Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - North America Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 28. By Country - North America Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - North America Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, (K Units), 2023-2030
Table 30. By Country - Europe Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 31. By Country - Europe Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 32. By Country - Europe Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 33. By Country - Europe Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, (K Units), 2023-2030
Table 34. By Region - Asia Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 35. By Region - Asia Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 36. By Region - Asia Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 37. By Region - Asia Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, (K Units), 2023-2030
Table 38. By Country - South America Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 39. By Country - South America Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 40. By Country - South America Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 41. By Country - South America Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, (K Units), 2023-2030
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales, (K Units), 2023-2030
Table 46. ams Corporate Summary
Table 47. ams Automobile ToF Driver IC Product Offerings
Table 48. ams Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 49. Melexis Corporate Summary
Table 50. Melexis Automobile ToF Driver IC Product Offerings
Table 51. Melexis Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 52. Infineon Corporate Summary
Table 53. Infineon Automobile ToF Driver IC Product Offerings
Table 54. Infineon Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 55. Silicon Integrated Corporate Summary
Table 56. Silicon Integrated Automobile ToF Driver IC Product Offerings
Table 57. Silicon Integrated Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 58. OPNOUS Corporate Summary
Table 59. OPNOUS Automobile ToF Driver IC Product Offerings
Table 60. OPNOUS Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 61. Automobile ToF Driver IC Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2021-2023 (K Units)
Table 62. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2021-2023
Table 63. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Production by Region, 2018-2023 (K Units)
Table 64. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Production by Region, 2023-2030 (K Units)
Table 65. Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 66. Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 67. Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 68. Automobile ToF Driver IC Raw Materials
Table 69. Automobile ToF Driver IC Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 70. Typical Automobile ToF Driver IC Downstream
Table 71. Automobile ToF Driver IC Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 72. Automobile ToF Driver IC Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Automobile ToF Driver IC Segment by Type
Figure 2. Automobile ToF Driver IC Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Market Size: 2022 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, 2018-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales in Global Market: 2018-2030 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue in 2022
Figure 9. By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 10. By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 11. By Type - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Price (US$/Unit), 2018-2030
Figure 12. By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 13. By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 14. By Application - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Price (US$/Unit), 2018-2030
Figure 15. By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 16. By Region - Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 17. By Country - North America Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 18. By Country - North America Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 19. US Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 20. Canada Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 21. Mexico Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 24. Germany Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 25. France Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 26. U.K. Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 27. Italy Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 28. Russia Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 30. Benelux Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 33. China Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 34. Japan Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 35. South Korea Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 37. India Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 38. By Country - South America Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 39. By Country - South America Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 40. Brazil Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 41. Argentina Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automobile ToF Driver IC Sales Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 44. Turkey Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 45. Israel Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 47. UAE Automobile ToF Driver IC Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 48. Global Automobile ToF Driver IC Production Capacity (K Units), 2018-2030
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Automobile ToF Driver IC by Region, 2022 VS 2030
Figure 50. Automobile ToF Driver IC Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels
