The global Card Scanners market was valued at US$ 31 million in 2022 and is projected to reach US$ 41 million by 2029, at a CAGR of 4.0% during the forecast period. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
Card scanners are machines that electronically read identification cards, such as a driver license or proof of age card, and store identification details.
This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Card Scanners, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Card Scanners. This report contains market size and forecasts of Card Scanners in global, including the following market information:
- Global Card Scanners Market Revenue, 2018-2023, 2024-2029, ($ millions)
- Global Card Scanners Market Sales, 2018-2023, 2024-2029, (K Units)
- Global top five Card Scanners companies in 2022 (%)
Global core card scanners players include Thales Group, ViAge Technology and Token Works etc. The top 3 companies hold a share about 60%. In terms of product, portable card scanners is the largest segment, with a share about 20%, followed by stationary card scanners, with a share about 15%. And in terms of application, the largest application is business venue, with a share about 20%, followed by entertainment venue.
We surveyed the Card Scanners manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Card Scanners Market, by Type, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Card Scanners Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2022 (%)
- Stationary Card Scanners
- Portable Card Scanners
Global Card Scanners Market, by Application, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Card Scanners Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2022 (%)
- Business Venue
- Entertainment Venue
- Others
Global Card Scanners Market, By Region and Country, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Card Scanners Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2022 (%)
- North America (United States, Canada, Mexico)
- Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Rest of Europe)
- Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Rest of APAC)
- The Middle East and Africa (Middle East, Africa)
- South and Central America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of SCA)ca
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
- Key companies Card Scanners revenues in global market, 2018-2023 (Estimated), ($ millions)
- Key companies Card Scanners revenues share in global market, 2022 (%)
- Key companies Card Scanners sales in global market, 2018-2023 (Estimated), (K Units)
- Key companies Card Scanners sales share in global market, 2022 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
- Thales Group
- ViAge Technology
- TokenWorks
- Ambir Technology
- TriCom Card Technologies
- IDetect
- CardReader
Outline of Major Chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduces the definition of Card Scanners, market overview.
Chapter 2: Global Card Scanners market size in revenue and volume.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Card Scanners manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales and revenue market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 6: Sales of Card Scanners in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 8: Global Card Scanners capacity by region & country.
Chapter 9: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 10: Analysis of industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry.
Chapter 11: The main points and conclusions of the report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Card Scanners Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Card Scanners Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Card Scanners Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Card Scanners Market Size: 2022 VS 2029
2.2 Global Card Scanners Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2029
2.3 Global Card Scanners Sales: 2018-2029
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Card Scanners Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Card Scanners Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Card Scanners Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Card Scanners Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Card Scanners Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Card Scanners Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.7 Global Manufacturers Card Scanners Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Card Scanners Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Card Scanners Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Card Scanners Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Card Scanners Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2029
4.1.2 Stationary Card Scanners
4.1.3 Portable Card Scanners
4.2 By Type - Global Card Scanners Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Card Scanners Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global Card Scanners Revenue, 2024-2029
4.2.3 By Type - Global Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
4.3 By Type - Global Card Scanners Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global Card Scanners Sales, 2018-2023
4.3.2 By Type - Global Card Scanners Sales, 2024-2029
4.3.3 By Type - Global Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
4.4 By Type - Global Card Scanners Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2029
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Card Scanners Market Size, 2022 & 2029
5.1.2 Business Venue
5.1.3 Entertainment Venue
5.1.4 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Card Scanners Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Card Scanners Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global Card Scanners Revenue, 2024-2029
5.2.3 By Application - Global Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
5.3 By Application - Global Card Scanners Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Card Scanners Sales, 2018-2023
5.3.2 By Application - Global Card Scanners Sales, 2024-2029
5.3.3 By Application - Global Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
5.4 By Application - Global Card Scanners Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2029
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Card Scanners Market Size, 2022 & 2029
6.2 By Region - Global Card Scanners Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Card Scanners Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Card Scanners Revenue, 2024-2029
6.2.3 By Region - Global Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
6.3 By Region - Global Card Scanners Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Card Scanners Sales, 2018-2023
6.3.2 By Region - Global Card Scanners Sales, 2024-2029
6.3.3 By Region - Global Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Card Scanners Revenue, 2018-2029
6.4.2 By Country - North America Card Scanners Sales, 2018-2029
6.4.3 US Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.4 Canada Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.5 Mexico Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Card Scanners Revenue, 2018-2029
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Card Scanners Sales, 2018-2029
6.5.3 Germany Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.4 France Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.5 U.K. Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.6 Italy Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.7 Russia Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.9 Benelux Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Card Scanners Revenue, 2018-2029
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Card Scanners Sales, 2018-2029
6.6.3 China Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.4 Japan Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.5 South Korea Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.7 India Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Card Scanners Revenue, 2018-2029
6.7.2 By Country - South America Card Scanners Sales, 2018-2029
6.7.3 Brazil Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.4 Argentina Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Card Scanners Revenue, 2018-2029
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Card Scanners Sales, 2018-2029
6.8.3 Turkey Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8.4 Israel Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8.6 UAE Card Scanners Market Size, 2018-2029
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 Thales Group
7.1.1 Thales Group Company Summary
7.1.2 Thales Group Business Overview
7.1.3 Thales Group Card Scanners Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Thales Group Card Scanners Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.1.5 Thales Group Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 ViAge Technology
7.2.1 ViAge Technology Company Summary
7.2.2 ViAge Technology Business Overview
7.2.3 ViAge Technology Card Scanners Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 ViAge Technology Card Scanners Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.2.5 ViAge Technology Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 TokenWorks
7.3.1 TokenWorks Company Summary
7.3.2 TokenWorks Business Overview
7.3.3 TokenWorks Card Scanners Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 TokenWorks Card Scanners Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.3.5 TokenWorks Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Ambir Technology
7.4.1 Ambir Technology Company Summary
7.4.2 Ambir Technology Business Overview
7.4.3 Ambir Technology Card Scanners Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Ambir Technology Card Scanners Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Ambir Technology Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 TriCom Card Technologies
7.5.1 TriCom Card Technologies Company Summary
7.5.2 TriCom Card Technologies Business Overview
7.5.3 TriCom Card Technologies Card Scanners Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 TriCom Card Technologies Card Scanners Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.5.5 TriCom Card Technologies Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 IDetect
7.6.1 IDetect Company Summary
7.6.2 IDetect Business Overview
7.6.3 IDetect Card Scanners Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 IDetect Card Scanners Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.6.5 IDetect Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 CardReader
7.7.1 CardReader Company Summary
7.7.2 CardReader Business Overview
7.7.3 CardReader Card Scanners Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 CardReader Card Scanners Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.7.5 CardReader Key News & Latest Developments
8 Global Card Scanners Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Card Scanners Production Capacity, 2018-2029
8.2 Card Scanners Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Card Scanners Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Card Scanners Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Card Scanners Industry Value Chain
10.2 Card Scanners Upstream Market
10.3 Card Scanners Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Card Scanners Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Card Scanners in Global Market
Table 2. Top Card Scanners Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 3. Global Card Scanners Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 4. Global Card Scanners Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 5. Global Card Scanners Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 6. Global Card Scanners Sales Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Card Scanners Price (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Card Scanners Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Card Scanners Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Card Scanners Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 12. By Type - Global Card Scanners Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Global Card Scanners Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 14. By Type - Global Card Scanners Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 15. By Type - Global Card Scanners Sales (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 16. By Application ? Global Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 17. By Application - Global Card Scanners Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 18. By Application - Global Card Scanners Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 19. By Application - Global Card Scanners Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 20. By Application - Global Card Scanners Sales (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 21. By Region ? Global Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 VS 2029
Table 22. By Region - Global Card Scanners Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Region - Global Card Scanners Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 24. By Region - Global Card Scanners Sales (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Global Card Scanners Sales (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 26. By Country - North America Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - North America Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 28. By Country - North America Card Scanners Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - North America Card Scanners Sales, (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 30. By Country - Europe Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 31. By Country - Europe Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 32. By Country - Europe Card Scanners Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 33. By Country - Europe Card Scanners Sales, (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 34. By Region - Asia Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 35. By Region - Asia Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 36. By Region - Asia Card Scanners Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 37. By Region - Asia Card Scanners Sales, (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 38. By Country - South America Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 39. By Country - South America Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 40. By Country - South America Card Scanners Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 41. By Country - South America Card Scanners Sales, (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Card Scanners Sales, (K Units), 2018-2023
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Card Scanners Sales, (K Units), 2024-2029
Table 46. Thales Group Company Summary
Table 47. Thales Group Card Scanners Product Offerings
Table 48. Thales Group Card Scanners Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 49. Thales Group Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. ViAge Technology Company Summary
Table 51. ViAge Technology Card Scanners Product Offerings
Table 52. ViAge Technology Card Scanners Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 53. ViAge Technology Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. TokenWorks Company Summary
Table 55. TokenWorks Card Scanners Product Offerings
Table 56. TokenWorks Card Scanners Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 57. TokenWorks Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Ambir Technology Company Summary
Table 59. Ambir Technology Card Scanners Product Offerings
Table 60. Ambir Technology Card Scanners Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 61. Ambir Technology Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. TriCom Card Technologies Company Summary
Table 63. TriCom Card Technologies Card Scanners Product Offerings
Table 64. TriCom Card Technologies Card Scanners Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 65. TriCom Card Technologies Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. IDetect Company Summary
Table 67. IDetect Card Scanners Product Offerings
Table 68. IDetect Card Scanners Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 69. IDetect Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. CardReader Company Summary
Table 71. CardReader Card Scanners Product Offerings
Table 72. CardReader Card Scanners Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 73. CardReader Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. Card Scanners Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2021-2023 (K Units)
Table 75. Global Card Scanners Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2021-2023
Table 76. Global Card Scanners Production by Region, 2018-2023 (K Units)
Table 77. Global Card Scanners Production by Region, 2024-2029 (K Units)
Table 78. Card Scanners Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 79. Card Scanners Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 80. Card Scanners Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 81. Card Scanners Raw Materials
Table 82. Card Scanners Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 83. Typical Card Scanners Downstream
Table 84. Card Scanners Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 85. Card Scanners Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Card Scanners Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Card Scanners Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Card Scanners Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Card Scanners Market Size: 2022 VS 2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Card Scanners Revenue, 2018-2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Card Scanners Sales in Global Market: 2018-2029 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Card Scanners Revenue in 2022
Figure 9. By Type - Global Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 10. By Type - Global Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 11. By Type - Global Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 12. By Type - Global Card Scanners Price (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Figure 13. By Application - Global Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 14. By Application - Global Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 15. By Application - Global Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 16. By Application - Global Card Scanners Price (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Figure 17. By Region - Global Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 18. By Region - Global Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
Figure 19. By Region - Global Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 20. By Region - Global Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 21. By Country - North America Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 22. By Country - North America Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 23. US Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 24. Canada Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 25. Mexico Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 26. By Country - Europe Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 27. By Country - Europe Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 28. Germany Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 29. France Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 30. U.K. Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 31. Italy Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 32. Russia Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 33. Nordic Countries Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 34. Benelux Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 35. By Region - Asia Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 36. By Region - Asia Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 37. China Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 38. Japan Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 39. South Korea Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 40. Southeast Asia Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 41. India Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 42. By Country - South America Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 43. By Country - South America Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 44. Brazil Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 45. Argentina Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 46. By Country - Middle East & Africa Card Scanners Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 47. By Country - Middle East & Africa Card Scanners Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 48. Turkey Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 49. Israel Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 50. Saudi Arabia Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 51. UAE Card Scanners Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 52. Global Card Scanners Production Capacity (K Units), 2018-2029
Figure 53. The Percentage of Production Card Scanners by Region, 2022 VS 2029
Figure 54. Card Scanners Industry Value Chain
Figure 55. Marketing Channels
