The global Construction Repaint market was valued at US$ 47860 million in 2023 and is projected to reach US$ 64280 million by 2030, at a CAGR of 3.9% during the forecast period.
The USA Global market is estimated to increase from USD million in 2022 to reach USD million by 2030, at a CAGR during the forecast period of 2023 through 2030.
The China Global market is estimated to increase from USD million in 2022 to reach USD million by 2030, at a CAGR during the forecast period of 2023 through 2030.
The Europe Global market is estimated to increase from USD million in 2022 to reach USD million by 2030, at a CAGR during the forecast period of 2023 through 2030.
This research report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Construction Repaint market, focusing on the current trends, market dynamics, and future prospects. The report explores the global Construction Repaint market, including major regions such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and emerging markets. It also examines key factors driving the growth of Construction Repaint, challenges faced by the industry, and potential opportunities for market players.
The global Construction Repaint market has witnessed rapid growth in recent years, driven by increasing environmental concerns, government incentives, and advancements in technology. The Construction Repaint market presents opportunities for various stakeholders, including Residential, Commercial. Collaboration between the private sector and governments can accelerate the development of supportive policies, research and development efforts, and investment in Construction Repaint market. Additionally, the growing consumer demand present avenues for market expansion.
Key Features:
The research report on the Construction Repaint market includes several key features to provide comprehensive insights and facilitate decision-making for stakeholders.
Executive Summary: The report provides overview of the key findings, market trends, and major insights of the Construction Repaint market.
Market Overview: The report provides a comprehensive overview of the Construction Repaint market, including its definition, historical development, and current market size. It covers market segmentation by Type (e.g., Acrylic, Alkyd), region, and application, highlighting the key drivers, challenges, and opportunities within each segment.
Market Dynamics: The report analyses the market dynamics driving the growth and development of the Construction Repaint market. The report includes an assessment of government policies and regulations, technological advancements, consumer trends and preferences, infrastructure development, and industry collaborations. This analysis helps stakeholders understand the factors influencing the Construction Repaint market's trajectory.
Competitive Landscape: The report provides an in-depth analysis of the competitive landscape within the Construction Repaint market. It includes profiles of major market players, their market share, strategies, product portfolios, and recent developments.
Market Segmentation and Forecast: The report segment the Construction Repaint market based on various parameters, such as by Type, region, and by Application. It provides market size and growth forecasts for each segment, supported by quantitative data and analysis. This helps stakeholders identify growth opportunities and make informed investment decisions.
Technological Trends: The report should highlight the key technological trends shaping the Construction Repaint market, such as advancements in Type One technology and emerging substitutes. It analyses the impact of these trends on market growth, adoption rates, and consumer preferences.
Market Challenges and Opportunities: The report identify and analyses the major challenges faced by the Construction Repaint market, such as technical bottleneck, cost limitations, and high entry barrier. It also highlights the opportunities for market growth, such as government incentives, emerging markets, and collaborations between stakeholders.
Regulatory and Policy Analysis: The report should assess the regulatory and policy landscape for Construction Repaint, including government incentives, emission standards, and infrastructure development plans. It should analyse the impact of these policies on market growth and provide insights into future regulatory developments.
Recommendations and Conclusion: The report conclude with actionable recommendations for stakeholders, such as Application One Consumer, policymakers, investors, and infrastructure providers. These recommendations should be based on the research findings and address key challenges and opportunities within the Construction Repaint market.
Supporting Data and Appendices: The report include supporting data, charts, and graphs to substantiate the analysis and findings. It also includes appendices with additional detailed information, such as data sources, survey questionnaires, and detailed market forecasts.
Market Segmentation
Construction Repaint market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2019-2030, the growth among segments provides accurate calculations and forecasts for consumption value by Type, and by Application in terms of value.
Market segment by Type
- Acrylic
- Alkyd
- Epoxy
- Polyurethane
- Polyester
- Others
Market segment by Application
Global Construction Repaint Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2023 (%)
- North America (United States, Canada, Mexico)
- Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Rest of Europe)
- Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Rest of APAC)
- The Middle East and Africa (Middle East, Africa)
- South and Central America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of SCA)
Major players covered
- Arkema
- Solvay
- Nuplex
- Basf
- Covestro
- Dic
- Dsm Coating Resins
- Momentive Performance Materials
- Huntsman
- DowDuPont
- Lyondellbasell
- Eastman Chemical
Outline of Major Chapters:
- Chapter 1: Introduces the definition of Construction Repaint, market overview.
- Chapter 2: Global Construction Repaint market size in revenue.
- Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Construction Repaint company competitive landscape, revenue and market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
- Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
- Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
- Chapter 6: Sales of Construction Repaint in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
- Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
- Chapter 8: The main points and conclusions of the report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Construction Repaint Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Construction Repaint Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Construction Repaint Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Construction Repaint Market Size: 2023 VS 2030
2.2 Global Construction Repaint Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2019-2030
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Construction Repaint Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Construction Repaint Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Construction Repaint Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Construction Repaint Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2023
3.5 Global Companies Construction Repaint Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Construction Repaint Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Construction Repaint Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Construction Repaint Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Construction Repaint Market Size Markets, 2023 & 2030
4.1.2 Acrylic
4.1.3 Alkyd
4.1.4 Epoxy
4.1.5 Polyurethane
4.1.6 Polyester
4.1.7 Others
4.2 By Type - Global Construction Repaint Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Construction Repaint Revenue, 2019-2024
4.2.2 By Type - Global Construction Repaint Revenue, 2025-2030
4.2.3 By Type - Global Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Construction Repaint Market Size, 2023 & 2030
5.1.2 Residential
5.1.3 Commercial
5.2 By Application - Global Construction Repaint Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Construction Repaint Revenue, 2019-2024
5.2.2 By Application - Global Construction Repaint Revenue, 2025-2030
5.2.3 By Application - Global Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Construction Repaint Market Size, 2023 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global Construction Repaint Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Construction Repaint Revenue, 2019-2024
6.2.2 By Region - Global Construction Repaint Revenue, 2025-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America Construction Repaint Revenue, 2019-2030
6.3.2 US Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.3.3 Canada Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.3.4 Mexico Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe Construction Repaint Revenue, 2019-2030
6.4.2 Germany Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.3 France Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.4 U.K. Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.5 Italy Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.6 Russia Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.7 Nordic Countries Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.8 Benelux Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia Construction Repaint Revenue, 2019-2030
6.5.2 China Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.3 Japan Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.4 South Korea Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.5 Southeast Asia Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.6 India Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America Construction Repaint Revenue, 2019-2030
6.6.2 Brazil Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.6.3 Argentina Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Construction Repaint Revenue, 2019-2030
6.7.2 Turkey Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7.3 Israel Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7.5 UAE Construction Repaint Market Size, 2019-2030
7 Construction Repaint Companies Profiles
7.1 Arkema
7.1.1 Arkema Company Summary
7.1.2 Arkema Business Overview
7.1.3 Arkema Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Arkema Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.1.5 Arkema Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Solvay
7.2.1 Solvay Company Summary
7.2.2 Solvay Business Overview
7.2.3 Solvay Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Solvay Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.2.5 Solvay Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Nuplex
7.3.1 Nuplex Company Summary
7.3.2 Nuplex Business Overview
7.3.3 Nuplex Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Nuplex Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.3.5 Nuplex Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Basf
7.4.1 Basf Company Summary
7.4.2 Basf Business Overview
7.4.3 Basf Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Basf Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.4.5 Basf Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Covestro
7.5.1 Covestro Company Summary
7.5.2 Covestro Business Overview
7.5.3 Covestro Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Covestro Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.5.5 Covestro Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Dic
7.6.1 Dic Company Summary
7.6.2 Dic Business Overview
7.6.3 Dic Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Dic Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.6.5 Dic Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Dsm Coating Resins
7.7.1 Dsm Coating Resins Company Summary
7.7.2 Dsm Coating Resins Business Overview
7.7.3 Dsm Coating Resins Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Dsm Coating Resins Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.7.5 Dsm Coating Resins Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Momentive Performance Materials
7.8.1 Momentive Performance Materials Company Summary
7.8.2 Momentive Performance Materials Business Overview
7.8.3 Momentive Performance Materials Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Momentive Performance Materials Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.8.5 Momentive Performance Materials Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 Huntsman
7.9.1 Huntsman Company Summary
7.9.2 Huntsman Business Overview
7.9.3 Huntsman Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Huntsman Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.9.5 Huntsman Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 DowDuPont
7.10.1 DowDuPont Company Summary
7.10.2 DowDuPont Business Overview
7.10.3 DowDuPont Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 DowDuPont Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.10.5 DowDuPont Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 Lyondellbasell
7.11.1 Lyondellbasell Company Summary
7.11.2 Lyondellbasell Business Overview
7.11.3 Lyondellbasell Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Lyondellbasell Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.11.5 Lyondellbasell Key News & Latest Developments
7.12 Eastman Chemical
7.12.1 Eastman Chemical Company Summary
7.12.2 Eastman Chemical Business Overview
7.12.3 Eastman Chemical Construction Repaint Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 Eastman Chemical Construction Repaint Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.12.5 Eastman Chemical Key News & Latest Developments
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Construction Repaint Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Construction Repaint Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Construction Repaint Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Construction Repaint in Global Market
Table 5. Top Construction Repaint Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2023)
Table 6. Global Construction Repaint Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 7. Global Construction Repaint Revenue Share by Companies, 2019-2024
Table 8. Global Companies Construction Repaint Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Construction Repaint Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2023 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Construction Repaint Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2023 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Table 12. By Type - Construction Repaint Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 13. By Type - Construction Repaint Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 14. By Application ? Global Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Table 15. By Application - Construction Repaint Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 16. By Application - Construction Repaint Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 17. By Region ? Global Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Table 18. By Region - Global Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 19. By Region - Global Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 20. By Country - North America Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 21. By Country - North America Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 22. By Country - Europe Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 23. By Country - Europe Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 24. By Region - Asia Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 25. By Region - Asia Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 26. By Country - South America Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 27. By Country - South America Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 30. Arkema Company Summary
Table 31. Arkema Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 32. Arkema Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 33. Arkema Key News & Latest Developments
Table 34. Solvay Company Summary
Table 35. Solvay Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 36. Solvay Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 37. Solvay Key News & Latest Developments
Table 38. Nuplex Company Summary
Table 39. Nuplex Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 40. Nuplex Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 41. Nuplex Key News & Latest Developments
Table 42. Basf Company Summary
Table 43. Basf Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 44. Basf Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 45. Basf Key News & Latest Developments
Table 46. Covestro Company Summary
Table 47. Covestro Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 48. Covestro Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 49. Covestro Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Dic Company Summary
Table 51. Dic Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 52. Dic Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 53. Dic Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Dsm Coating Resins Company Summary
Table 55. Dsm Coating Resins Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 56. Dsm Coating Resins Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 57. Dsm Coating Resins Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Momentive Performance Materials Company Summary
Table 59. Momentive Performance Materials Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 60. Momentive Performance Materials Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 61. Momentive Performance Materials Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. Huntsman Company Summary
Table 63. Huntsman Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 64. Huntsman Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 65. Huntsman Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. DowDuPont Company Summary
Table 67. DowDuPont Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 68. DowDuPont Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 69. DowDuPont Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Lyondellbasell Company Summary
Table 71. Lyondellbasell Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 72. Lyondellbasell Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 73. Lyondellbasell Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. Eastman Chemical Company Summary
Table 75. Eastman Chemical Construction Repaint Product Offerings
Table 76. Eastman Chemical Construction Repaint Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 77. Eastman Chemical Key News & Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Construction Repaint Segment by Type in 2023
Figure 2. Construction Repaint Segment by Application in 2023
Figure 3. Global Construction Repaint Market Overview: 2023
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Construction Repaint Market Size: 2023 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Construction Repaint Revenue, 2019-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Construction Repaint Revenue in 2023
Figure 8. By Type - Global Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 9. By Application - Global Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 10. By Type - Global Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Figure 11. By Type - Global Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 12. By Application - Global Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Figure 13. By Application - Global Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 14. By Region - Global Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 15. By Country - North America Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 16. US Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 17. Canada Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 18. Mexico Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 19. By Country - Europe Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 20. Germany Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 21. France Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 22. U.K. Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 23. Italy Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 24. Russia Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 25. Nordic Countries Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 26. Benelux Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 27. By Region - Asia Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 28. China Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 29. Japan Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 30. South Korea Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 31. Southeast Asia Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 32. India Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 33. By Country - South America Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 34. Brazil Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 35. Argentina Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 36. By Country - Middle East & Africa Construction Repaint Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 37. Turkey Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 38. Israel Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 39. Saudi Arabia Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 40. UAE Construction Repaint Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 41. Arkema Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 42. Solvay Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 43. Nuplex Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 44. Basf Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 45. Covestro Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 46. Dic Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 47. Dsm Coating Resins Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 48. Momentive Performance Materials Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 49. Huntsman Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 50. DowDuPont Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 51. Lyondellbasell Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 52. Eastman Chemical Construction Repaint Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
