This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Drug Delivery Technologies, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Drug Delivery Technologies. This report contains market size and forecasts of Drug Delivery Technologies in global, including the following market information:
Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Revenue, 2018-2023, 2024-2029, ($ millions)
Global top five companies in 2022 (%)
The global Drug Delivery Technologies market was valued at US$ 786090 million in 2022 and is projected to reach US$ 1139370 million by 2029, at a CAGR of 5.4% during the forecast period. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2022, While China is to reach $ Million.
Oral Drug Delivery Segment to Reach $ Million by 2029, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of Drug Delivery Technologies include Johnson & Johnson Services, Novartis, Roche, Pfizer, Bayer, Antares Pharma, Becton Dickinson, GlaxoSmithKline and Kindeva, etc. in 2022, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
We surveyed the Drug Delivery Technologies companies, and industry experts on this industry, involving the revenue, demand, product type, recent developments and plans, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market, by Type, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ millions)
Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2022 (%)
Oral Drug Delivery
Pulmonary Drug Delivery
Injectable Drug Delivery
Ocular Drug Delivery
Nasal Drug Delivery
Topical Drug Delivery
Implantable Drug Delivery
Transmucosal Drug Delivery
Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market, by Application, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ millions)
Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2022 (%)
Hospitals
Home Care Settings
Clinics
Diagnostic Centres
Other
Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market, By Region and Country, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2022 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Drug Delivery Technologies revenues in global market, 2018-2023 (estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Drug Delivery Technologies revenues share in global market, 2022 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
Johnson & Johnson Services
Novartis
Roche
Pfizer
Bayer
Antares Pharma
Becton Dickinson
GlaxoSmithKline
Kindeva
Merck
Sanofi
Outline of Major Chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduces the definition of Drug Delivery Technologies, market overview.
Chapter 2: Global Drug Delivery Technologies market size in revenue.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Drug Delivery Technologies company competitive landscape, revenue and market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 6: Sales of Drug Delivery Technologies in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 8: The main points and conclusions of the report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Drug Delivery Technologies Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Drug Delivery Technologies Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size: 2022 VS 2029
2.2 Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2029
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Drug Delivery Technologies Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Drug Delivery Technologies Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Drug Delivery Technologies Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.5 Global Companies Drug Delivery Technologies Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Drug Delivery Technologies Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Drug Delivery Technologies Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Drug Delivery Technologies Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2029
4.1.2 Oral Drug Delivery
4.1.3 Pulmonary Drug Delivery
4.1.4 Injectable Drug Delivery
4.1.5 Ocular Drug Delivery
4.1.6 Nasal Drug Delivery
4.1.7 Topical Drug Delivery
4.1.8 Implantable Drug Delivery
4.1.9 Transmucosal Drug Delivery
4.2 By Type - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2024-2029
4.2.3 By Type - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2022 & 2029
5.1.2 Hospitals
5.1.3 Home Care Settings
5.1.4 Clinics
5.1.5 Diagnostic Centres
5.1.6 Other
5.2 By Application - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2024-2029
5.2.3 By Application - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2022 & 2029
6.2 By Region - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2024-2029
6.2.3 By Region - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2018-2029
6.3.2 US Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.3.3 Canada Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.3.4 Mexico Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2018-2029
6.4.2 Germany Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.3 France Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.4 U.K. Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.5 Italy Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.6 Russia Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.7 Nordic Countries Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.8 Benelux Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2018-2029
6.5.2 China Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.3 Japan Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.4 South Korea Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.5 Southeast Asia Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.6 India Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2018-2029
6.6.2 Brazil Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.3 Argentina Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2018-2029
6.7.2 Turkey Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.3 Israel Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.5 UAE Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size, 2018-2029
7 Drug Delivery Technologies Companies Profiles
7.1 Johnson & Johnson Services
7.1.1 Johnson & Johnson Services Company Summary
7.1.2 Johnson & Johnson Services Business Overview
7.1.3 Johnson & Johnson Services Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Johnson & Johnson Services Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.1.5 Johnson & Johnson Services Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Novartis
7.2.1 Novartis Company Summary
7.2.2 Novartis Business Overview
7.2.3 Novartis Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Novartis Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.2.5 Novartis Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Roche
7.3.1 Roche Company Summary
7.3.2 Roche Business Overview
7.3.3 Roche Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Roche Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Roche Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Pfizer
7.4.1 Pfizer Company Summary
7.4.2 Pfizer Business Overview
7.4.3 Pfizer Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Pfizer Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Pfizer Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Bayer
7.5.1 Bayer Company Summary
7.5.2 Bayer Business Overview
7.5.3 Bayer Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Bayer Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Bayer Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Antares Pharma
7.6.1 Antares Pharma Company Summary
7.6.2 Antares Pharma Business Overview
7.6.3 Antares Pharma Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Antares Pharma Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Antares Pharma Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Becton Dickinson
7.7.1 Becton Dickinson Company Summary
7.7.2 Becton Dickinson Business Overview
7.7.3 Becton Dickinson Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Becton Dickinson Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Becton Dickinson Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 GlaxoSmithKline
7.8.1 GlaxoSmithKline Company Summary
7.8.2 GlaxoSmithKline Business Overview
7.8.3 GlaxoSmithKline Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 GlaxoSmithKline Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.8.5 GlaxoSmithKline Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 Kindeva
7.9.1 Kindeva Company Summary
7.9.2 Kindeva Business Overview
7.9.3 Kindeva Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Kindeva Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.9.5 Kindeva Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 Merck
7.10.1 Merck Company Summary
7.10.2 Merck Business Overview
7.10.3 Merck Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Merck Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.10.5 Merck Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 Sanofi
7.11.1 Sanofi Company Summary
7.11.2 Sanofi Business Overview
7.11.3 Sanofi Drug Delivery Technologies Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Sanofi Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.11.5 Sanofi Key News & Latest Developments
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Drug Delivery Technologies Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Drug Delivery Technologies Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Drug Delivery Technologies Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Drug Delivery Technologies in Global Market
Table 5. Top Drug Delivery Technologies Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 6. Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 7. Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 8. Global Companies Drug Delivery Technologies Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Drug Delivery Technologies Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Drug Delivery Technologies Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 12. By Type - Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 14. By Application ? Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 15. By Application - Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 16. By Application - Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 17. By Region ? Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 18. By Region - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 19. By Region - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 20. By Country - North America Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 21. By Country - North America Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 22. By Country - Europe Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Country - Europe Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 24. By Region - Asia Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Asia Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 26. By Country - South America Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - South America Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 30. Johnson & Johnson Services Company Summary
Table 31. Johnson & Johnson Services Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 32. Johnson & Johnson Services Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 33. Johnson & Johnson Services Key News & Latest Developments
Table 34. Novartis Company Summary
Table 35. Novartis Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 36. Novartis Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 37. Novartis Key News & Latest Developments
Table 38. Roche Company Summary
Table 39. Roche Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 40. Roche Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 41. Roche Key News & Latest Developments
Table 42. Pfizer Company Summary
Table 43. Pfizer Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 44. Pfizer Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 45. Pfizer Key News & Latest Developments
Table 46. Bayer Company Summary
Table 47. Bayer Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 48. Bayer Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 49. Bayer Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Antares Pharma Company Summary
Table 51. Antares Pharma Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 52. Antares Pharma Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 53. Antares Pharma Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Becton Dickinson Company Summary
Table 55. Becton Dickinson Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 56. Becton Dickinson Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 57. Becton Dickinson Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. GlaxoSmithKline Company Summary
Table 59. GlaxoSmithKline Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 60. GlaxoSmithKline Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 61. GlaxoSmithKline Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. Kindeva Company Summary
Table 63. Kindeva Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 64. Kindeva Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 65. Kindeva Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Merck Company Summary
Table 67. Merck Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 68. Merck Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 69. Merck Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Sanofi Company Summary
Table 71. Sanofi Drug Delivery Technologies Product Offerings
Table 72. Sanofi Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 73. Sanofi Key News & Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Drug Delivery Technologies Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Drug Delivery Technologies Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Drug Delivery Technologies Market Size: 2022 VS 2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, 2018-2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue in 2022
Figure 8. By Type - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 9. By Application - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 10. By Type - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 11. By Type - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 12. By Application - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 13. By Application - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 14. By Region - Global Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 15. By Country - North America Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 16. US Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 17. Canada Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 18. Mexico Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 19. By Country - Europe Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 20. Germany Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 21. France Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 22. U.K. Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 23. Italy Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 24. Russia Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 25. Nordic Countries Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 26. Benelux Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 27. By Region - Asia Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 28. China Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 29. Japan Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 30. South Korea Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 31. Southeast Asia Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 32. India Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 33. By Country - South America Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 34. Brazil Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 35. Argentina Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 36. By Country - Middle East & Africa Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 37. Turkey Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 38. Israel Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 39. Saudi Arabia Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 40. UAE Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 41. Johnson & Johnson Services Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 42. Novartis Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 43. Roche Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 44. Pfizer Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 45. Bayer Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 46. Antares Pharma Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 47. Becton Dickinson Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 48. GlaxoSmithKline Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 49. Kindeva Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 50. Merck Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 51. Sanofi Drug Delivery Technologies Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
