High-level disinfection traditionally is defined as?complete elimination of all microorganisms in or on an instrument, except for small numbers of bacterial spores. The demand for high level disinfection services is increasing owing to the surge in Hospital-acquired Infections (HAIs), rising incidence of infectious diseases, and increasing number of surgical procedures across the globe.
This report contains market size and forecasts of High Level Disinfection Services in Global, including the following market information:
Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Revenue, 2018-2023, 2023-2030, ($ millions)
Global top five companies in 2022 (%)
The global High Level Disinfection Services market was valued at US$ million in 2022 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period 2023-2030.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2022, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2030.
Formaldehyde Segment to Reach $ Million by 2030, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of High Level Disinfection Services include ECOLAB, GE Healthcare, Altapure, OLYMPUS CORPORATION, Getinge AB, Fortive Corporation (ASP), Lifemed, Steelco and Steris PLC, etc. In 2022, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the High Level Disinfection Services companies, and industry experts on this industry, involving the revenue, demand, product type, recent developments and plans, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global High Level Disinfection Services Market, by Type, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ millions)
Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2022 (%)
Formaldehyde
Glutaraldehyde
Ortho-phthalaldehyde
Hydrogen Peroxide
Peracetic Acid
Others
Global High Level Disinfection Services Market, by Application, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ millions)
Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2022 (%)
Hospitals & Clinics
Diagnostic Laboratories
Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Companies
Academic and Research Institutes
Others
Global High Level Disinfection Services Market, By Region and Country, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ Millions)
Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2022 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies High Level Disinfection Services revenues in global market, 2018-2023 (estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies High Level Disinfection Services revenues share in global market, 2022 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
ECOLAB
GE Healthcare
Altapure
OLYMPUS CORPORATION
Getinge AB
Fortive Corporation (ASP)
Lifemed
Steelco
Steris PLC
Microchem Laboratory
Metrex Research, LLC
EcoFMR.com
Jani-King
Rentokil Initial plc
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 High Level Disinfection Services Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global High Level Disinfection Services Overall Market Size
2.1 Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Size: 2022 VS 2030
2.2 Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2030
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top High Level Disinfection Services Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global High Level Disinfection Services Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 High Level Disinfection Services Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.5 Global Companies High Level Disinfection Services Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 High Level Disinfection Services Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 High Level Disinfection Services Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 High Level Disinfection Services Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 by Type - Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2030
4.1.2 Formaldehyde
4.1.3 Glutaraldehyde
4.1.4 Ortho-phthalaldehyde
4.1.5 Hydrogen Peroxide
4.1.6 Peracetic Acid
4.1.7 Others
4.2 By Type - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2023-2030
4.2.3 By Type - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2022 & 2030
5.1.2 Hospitals & Clinics
5.1.3 Diagnostic Laboratories
5.1.4 Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Companies
5.1.5 Academic and Research Institutes
5.1.6 Others
5.2 By Application - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2023-2030
5.2.3 By Application - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2022 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2023-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2018-2030
6.3.2 US High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.3.3 Canada High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.3.4 Mexico High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2018-2030
6.4.2 Germany High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.3 France High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.4 U.K. High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.5 Italy High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.6 Russia High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.7 Nordic Countries High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.8 Benelux High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2018-2030
6.5.2 China High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.3 Japan High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.4 South Korea High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.5 Southeast Asia High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.6 India High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2018-2030
6.6.2 Brazil High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.3 Argentina High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2018-2030
6.7.2 Turkey High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.3 Israel High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.5 UAE High Level Disinfection Services Market Size, 2018-2030
7 Players Profiles
7.1 ECOLAB
7.1.1 ECOLAB Corporate Summary
7.1.2 ECOLAB Business Overview
7.1.3 ECOLAB High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 ECOLAB High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.1.5 ECOLAB Key News
7.2 GE Healthcare
7.2.1 GE Healthcare Corporate Summary
7.2.2 GE Healthcare Business Overview
7.2.3 GE Healthcare High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 GE Healthcare High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.2.5 GE Healthcare Key News
7.3 Altapure
7.3.1 Altapure Corporate Summary
7.3.2 Altapure Business Overview
7.3.3 Altapure High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Altapure High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Altapure Key News
7.4 OLYMPUS CORPORATION
7.4.1 OLYMPUS CORPORATION Corporate Summary
7.4.2 OLYMPUS CORPORATION Business Overview
7.4.3 OLYMPUS CORPORATION High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 OLYMPUS CORPORATION High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.4.5 OLYMPUS CORPORATION Key News
7.5 Getinge AB
7.5.1 Getinge AB Corporate Summary
7.5.2 Getinge AB Business Overview
7.5.3 Getinge AB High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Getinge AB High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Getinge AB Key News
7.6 Fortive Corporation (ASP)
7.6.1 Fortive Corporation (ASP) Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Fortive Corporation (ASP) Business Overview
7.6.3 Fortive Corporation (ASP) High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Fortive Corporation (ASP) High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Fortive Corporation (ASP) Key News
7.7 Lifemed
7.7.1 Lifemed Corporate Summary
7.7.2 Lifemed Business Overview
7.7.3 Lifemed High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Lifemed High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Lifemed Key News
7.8 Steelco
7.8.1 Steelco Corporate Summary
7.8.2 Steelco Business Overview
7.8.3 Steelco High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Steelco High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.8.5 Steelco Key News
7.9 Steris PLC
7.9.1 Steris PLC Corporate Summary
7.9.2 Steris PLC Business Overview
7.9.3 Steris PLC High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Steris PLC High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.9.5 Steris PLC Key News
7.10 Microchem Laboratory
7.10.1 Microchem Laboratory Corporate Summary
7.10.2 Microchem Laboratory Business Overview
7.10.3 Microchem Laboratory High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Microchem Laboratory High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.10.5 Microchem Laboratory Key News
7.11 Metrex Research, LLC
7.11.1 Metrex Research, LLC Corporate Summary
7.11.2 Metrex Research, LLC Business Overview
7.11.3 Metrex Research, LLC High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Metrex Research, LLC High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.11.5 Metrex Research, LLC Key News
7.12 EcoFMR.com
7.12.1 EcoFMR.com Corporate Summary
7.12.2 EcoFMR.com Business Overview
7.12.3 EcoFMR.com High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 EcoFMR.com High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.12.5 EcoFMR.com Key News
7.13 Jani-King
7.13.1 Jani-King Corporate Summary
7.13.2 Jani-King Business Overview
7.13.3 Jani-King High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.13.4 Jani-King High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.13.5 Jani-King Key News
7.14 Rentokil Initial plc
7.14.1 Rentokil Initial plc Corporate Summary
7.14.2 Rentokil Initial plc Business Overview
7.14.3 Rentokil Initial plc High Level Disinfection Services Major Product Offerings
7.14.4 Rentokil Initial plc High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.14.5 Rentokil Initial plc Key News
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. High Level Disinfection Services Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. High Level Disinfection Services Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. High Level Disinfection Services Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of High Level Disinfection Services in Global Market
Table 5. Top High Level Disinfection Services Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 6. Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 7. Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 8. Global Companies High Level Disinfection Services Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 High Level Disinfection Services Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 High Level Disinfection Services Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 12. By Type - High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 14. By Application ? Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 15. By Application - High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 16. By Application - High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 17. By Region ? Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 18. By Region - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 19. By Region - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 20. By Country - North America High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 21. By Country - North America High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 22. By Country - Europe High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Country - Europe High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 24. By Region - Asia High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Asia High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 26. By Country - South America High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - South America High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 30. ECOLAB Corporate Summary
Table 31. ECOLAB High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 32. ECOLAB High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 33. GE Healthcare Corporate Summary
Table 34. GE Healthcare High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 35. GE Healthcare High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 36. Altapure Corporate Summary
Table 37. Altapure High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 38. Altapure High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 39. OLYMPUS CORPORATION Corporate Summary
Table 40. OLYMPUS CORPORATION High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 41. OLYMPUS CORPORATION High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 42. Getinge AB Corporate Summary
Table 43. Getinge AB High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 44. Getinge AB High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 45. Fortive Corporation (ASP) Corporate Summary
Table 46. Fortive Corporation (ASP) High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 47. Fortive Corporation (ASP) High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 48. Lifemed Corporate Summary
Table 49. Lifemed High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 50. Lifemed High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 51. Steelco Corporate Summary
Table 52. Steelco High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 53. Steelco High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 54. Steris PLC Corporate Summary
Table 55. Steris PLC High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 56. Steris PLC High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 57. Microchem Laboratory Corporate Summary
Table 58. Microchem Laboratory High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 59. Microchem Laboratory High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 60. Metrex Research, LLC Corporate Summary
Table 61. Metrex Research, LLC High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 62. Metrex Research, LLC High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 63. EcoFMR.com Corporate Summary
Table 64. EcoFMR.com High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 65. EcoFMR.com High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 66. Jani-King Corporate Summary
Table 67. Jani-King High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 68. Jani-King High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 69. Rentokil Initial plc Corporate Summary
Table 70. Rentokil Initial plc High Level Disinfection Services Product Offerings
Table 71. Rentokil Initial plc High Level Disinfection Services Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
List of Figures
Figure 1. High Level Disinfection Services Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. High Level Disinfection Services Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global High Level Disinfection Services Market Size: 2022 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, 2018-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by High Level Disinfection Services Revenue in 2022
Figure 8. By Type - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 9. By Application - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 10. By Region - Global High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 11. By Country - North America High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 12. US High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 13. Canada High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 14. Mexico High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 15. By Country - Europe High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 16. Germany High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 17. France High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 18. U.K. High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 19. Italy High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 20. Russia High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 21. Nordic Countries High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 22. Benelux High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 23. By Region - Asia High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 24. China High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 25. Japan High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 26. South Korea High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 27. Southeast Asia High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 28. India High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 29. By Country - South America High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 30. Brazil High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 31. Argentina High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 32. By Country - Middle East & Africa High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 33. Turkey High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 34. Israel High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 35. Saudi Arabia High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 36. UAE High Level Disinfection Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 37. ECOLAB High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 38. GE Healthcare High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 39. Altapure High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 40. OLYMPUS CORPORATION High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 41. Getinge AB High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 42. Fortive Corporation (ASP) High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 43. Lifemed High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 44. Steelco High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 45. Steris PLC High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 46. Microchem Laboratory High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 47. Metrex Research, LLC High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 48. EcoFMR.com High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 49. Jani-King High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 50. Rentokil Initial plc High Level Disinfection Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
