This report contains market size and forecasts of ID Photo Software in Global, including the following market information:
Global ID Photo Software Market Revenue, 2018-2023, 2023-2030, ($ millions)
Global top five companies in 2022 (%)
The global ID Photo Software market was valued at US$ million in 2022 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period 2023-2030.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2022, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2030.
Passport Segment to Reach $ Million by 2030, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of ID Photo Software include myPhotoLab, ID Photos Pro 8, KC Softwares, IDenticard, ID Photos Pro, Jolly Technologies, Epson Layout & ID Software, Photo ID Software and Avon Security, etc. In 2022, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
We surveyed the ID Photo Software companies, and industry experts on this industry, involving the revenue, demand, product type, recent developments and plans, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global ID Photo Software Market, by Type, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ millions)
Global ID Photo Software Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2022 (%)
Passport
Drving license
Other
Global ID Photo Software Market, by Application, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ millions)
Global ID Photo Software Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2022 (%)
Enterprise
Personal
Global ID Photo Software Market, By Region and Country, 2018-2023, 2023-2030 ($ Millions)
Global ID Photo Software Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2022 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies ID Photo Software revenues in global market, 2018-2023 (estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies ID Photo Software revenues share in global market, 2022 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
myPhotoLab
ID Photos Pro 8
KC Softwares
IDenticard
ID Photos Pro
Jolly Technologies
Epson Layout & ID Software
Photo ID Software
Avon Security
ID Photo Creator
ID Station Photomatic
ID Photo Studio
Adobe Photoshop
Passport ID Photo Maker Studio
ID Photo Free
Passport & ID Photo Maker
ID Photo
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 ID Photo Software Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global ID Photo Software Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global ID Photo Software Overall Market Size
2.1 Global ID Photo Software Market Size: 2022 VS 2030
2.2 Global ID Photo Software Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2030
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top ID Photo Software Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global ID Photo Software Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global ID Photo Software Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 ID Photo Software Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.5 Global Companies ID Photo Software Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 ID Photo Software Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 ID Photo Software Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 ID Photo Software Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 by Type - Global ID Photo Software Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2030
4.1.2 Passport
4.1.3 Drving license
4.1.4 Other
4.2 By Type - Global ID Photo Software Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global ID Photo Software Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global ID Photo Software Revenue, 2023-2030
4.2.3 By Type - Global ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global ID Photo Software Market Size, 2022 & 2030
5.1.2 Enterprise
5.1.3 Personal
5.2 By Application - Global ID Photo Software Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global ID Photo Software Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global ID Photo Software Revenue, 2023-2030
5.2.3 By Application - Global ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global ID Photo Software Market Size, 2022 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global ID Photo Software Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global ID Photo Software Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global ID Photo Software Revenue, 2023-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America ID Photo Software Revenue, 2018-2030
6.3.2 US ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.3.3 Canada ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.3.4 Mexico ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe ID Photo Software Revenue, 2018-2030
6.4.2 Germany ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.3 France ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.4 U.K. ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.5 Italy ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.6 Russia ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.7 Nordic Countries ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.8 Benelux ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia ID Photo Software Revenue, 2018-2030
6.5.2 China ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.3 Japan ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.4 South Korea ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.5 Southeast Asia ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.6 India ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America ID Photo Software Revenue, 2018-2030
6.6.2 Brazil ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.3 Argentina ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa ID Photo Software Revenue, 2018-2030
6.7.2 Turkey ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.3 Israel ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.5 UAE ID Photo Software Market Size, 2018-2030
7 Players Profiles
7.1 myPhotoLab
7.1.1 myPhotoLab Corporate Summary
7.1.2 myPhotoLab Business Overview
7.1.3 myPhotoLab ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 myPhotoLab ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.1.5 myPhotoLab Key News
7.2 ID Photos Pro 8
7.2.1 ID Photos Pro 8 Corporate Summary
7.2.2 ID Photos Pro 8 Business Overview
7.2.3 ID Photos Pro 8 ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 ID Photos Pro 8 ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.2.5 ID Photos Pro 8 Key News
7.3 KC Softwares
7.3.1 KC Softwares Corporate Summary
7.3.2 KC Softwares Business Overview
7.3.3 KC Softwares ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 KC Softwares ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.3.5 KC Softwares Key News
7.4 IDenticard
7.4.1 IDenticard Corporate Summary
7.4.2 IDenticard Business Overview
7.4.3 IDenticard ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 IDenticard ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.4.5 IDenticard Key News
7.5 ID Photos Pro
7.5.1 ID Photos Pro Corporate Summary
7.5.2 ID Photos Pro Business Overview
7.5.3 ID Photos Pro ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 ID Photos Pro ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.5.5 ID Photos Pro Key News
7.6 Jolly Technologies
7.6.1 Jolly Technologies Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Jolly Technologies Business Overview
7.6.3 Jolly Technologies ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Jolly Technologies ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Jolly Technologies Key News
7.7 Epson Layout & ID Software
7.7.1 Epson Layout & ID Software Corporate Summary
7.7.2 Epson Layout & ID Software Business Overview
7.7.3 Epson Layout & ID Software ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Epson Layout & ID Software ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Epson Layout & ID Software Key News
7.8 Photo ID Software
7.8.1 Photo ID Software Corporate Summary
7.8.2 Photo ID Software Business Overview
7.8.3 Photo ID Software ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Photo ID Software ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.8.5 Photo ID Software Key News
7.9 Avon Security
7.9.1 Avon Security Corporate Summary
7.9.2 Avon Security Business Overview
7.9.3 Avon Security ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Avon Security ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.9.5 Avon Security Key News
7.10 ID Photo Creator
7.10.1 ID Photo Creator Corporate Summary
7.10.2 ID Photo Creator Business Overview
7.10.3 ID Photo Creator ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 ID Photo Creator ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.10.5 ID Photo Creator Key News
7.11 ID Station Photomatic
7.11.1 ID Station Photomatic Corporate Summary
7.11.2 ID Station Photomatic Business Overview
7.11.3 ID Station Photomatic ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 ID Station Photomatic ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.11.5 ID Station Photomatic Key News
7.12 ID Photo Studio
7.12.1 ID Photo Studio Corporate Summary
7.12.2 ID Photo Studio Business Overview
7.12.3 ID Photo Studio ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 ID Photo Studio ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.12.5 ID Photo Studio Key News
7.13 Adobe Photoshop
7.13.1 Adobe Photoshop Corporate Summary
7.13.2 Adobe Photoshop Business Overview
7.13.3 Adobe Photoshop ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.13.4 Adobe Photoshop ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.13.5 Adobe Photoshop Key News
7.14 Passport ID Photo Maker Studio
7.14.1 Passport ID Photo Maker Studio Corporate Summary
7.14.2 Passport ID Photo Maker Studio Business Overview
7.14.3 Passport ID Photo Maker Studio ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.14.4 Passport ID Photo Maker Studio ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.14.5 Passport ID Photo Maker Studio Key News
7.15 ID Photo Free
7.15.1 ID Photo Free Corporate Summary
7.15.2 ID Photo Free Business Overview
7.15.3 ID Photo Free ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.15.4 ID Photo Free ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.15.5 ID Photo Free Key News
7.16 Passport & ID Photo Maker
7.16.1 Passport & ID Photo Maker Corporate Summary
7.16.2 Passport & ID Photo Maker Business Overview
7.16.3 Passport & ID Photo Maker ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.16.4 Passport & ID Photo Maker ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.16.5 Passport & ID Photo Maker Key News
7.17 ID Photo
7.17.1 ID Photo Corporate Summary
7.17.2 ID Photo Business Overview
7.17.3 ID Photo ID Photo Software Major Product Offerings
7.17.4 ID Photo ID Photo Software Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.17.5 ID Photo Key News
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. ID Photo Software Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. ID Photo Software Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. ID Photo Software Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of ID Photo Software in Global Market
Table 5. Top ID Photo Software Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 6. Global ID Photo Software Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 7. Global ID Photo Software Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 8. Global Companies ID Photo Software Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 ID Photo Software Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 ID Photo Software Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 12. By Type - ID Photo Software Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - ID Photo Software Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 14. By Application ? Global ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 15. By Application - ID Photo Software Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 16. By Application - ID Photo Software Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 17. By Region ? Global ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 18. By Region - Global ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 19. By Region - Global ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 20. By Country - North America ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 21. By Country - North America ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 22. By Country - Europe ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Country - Europe ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 24. By Region - Asia ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Asia ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 26. By Country - South America ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - South America ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2030
Table 30. myPhotoLab Corporate Summary
Table 31. myPhotoLab ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 32. myPhotoLab ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 33. ID Photos Pro 8 Corporate Summary
Table 34. ID Photos Pro 8 ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 35. ID Photos Pro 8 ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 36. KC Softwares Corporate Summary
Table 37. KC Softwares ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 38. KC Softwares ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 39. IDenticard Corporate Summary
Table 40. IDenticard ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 41. IDenticard ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 42. ID Photos Pro Corporate Summary
Table 43. ID Photos Pro ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 44. ID Photos Pro ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 45. Jolly Technologies Corporate Summary
Table 46. Jolly Technologies ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 47. Jolly Technologies ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 48. Epson Layout & ID Software Corporate Summary
Table 49. Epson Layout & ID Software ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 50. Epson Layout & ID Software ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 51. Photo ID Software Corporate Summary
Table 52. Photo ID Software ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 53. Photo ID Software ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 54. Avon Security Corporate Summary
Table 55. Avon Security ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 56. Avon Security ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 57. ID Photo Creator Corporate Summary
Table 58. ID Photo Creator ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 59. ID Photo Creator ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 60. ID Station Photomatic Corporate Summary
Table 61. ID Station Photomatic ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 62. ID Station Photomatic ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 63. ID Photo Studio Corporate Summary
Table 64. ID Photo Studio ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 65. ID Photo Studio ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 66. Adobe Photoshop Corporate Summary
Table 67. Adobe Photoshop ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 68. Adobe Photoshop ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 69. Passport ID Photo Maker Studio Corporate Summary
Table 70. Passport ID Photo Maker Studio ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 71. Passport ID Photo Maker Studio ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 72. ID Photo Free Corporate Summary
Table 73. ID Photo Free ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 74. ID Photo Free ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 75. Passport & ID Photo Maker Corporate Summary
Table 76. Passport & ID Photo Maker ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 77. Passport & ID Photo Maker ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
Table 78. ID Photo Corporate Summary
Table 79. ID Photo ID Photo Software Product Offerings
Table 80. ID Photo ID Photo Software Revenue (US$, Mn), (2018-2023)
List of Figures
Figure 1. ID Photo Software Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. ID Photo Software Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global ID Photo Software Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global ID Photo Software Market Size: 2022 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global ID Photo Software Revenue, 2018-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by ID Photo Software Revenue in 2022
Figure 8. By Type - Global ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 9. By Application - Global ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 10. By Region - Global ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 11. By Country - North America ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 12. US ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 13. Canada ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 14. Mexico ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 15. By Country - Europe ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 16. Germany ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 17. France ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 18. U.K. ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 19. Italy ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 20. Russia ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 21. Nordic Countries ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 22. Benelux ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 23. By Region - Asia ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 24. China ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 25. Japan ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 26. South Korea ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 27. Southeast Asia ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 28. India ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 29. By Country - South America ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 30. Brazil ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 31. Argentina ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 32. By Country - Middle East & Africa ID Photo Software Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 33. Turkey ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 34. Israel ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 35. Saudi Arabia ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 36. UAE ID Photo Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 37. myPhotoLab ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 38. ID Photos Pro 8 ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 39. KC Softwares ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 40. IDenticard ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 41. ID Photos Pro ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 42. Jolly Technologies ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 43. Epson Layout & ID Software ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 44. Photo ID Software ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 45. Avon Security ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 46. ID Photo Creator ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 47. ID Station Photomatic ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 48. ID Photo Studio ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 49. Adobe Photoshop ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 50. Passport ID Photo Maker Studio ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 51. ID Photo Free ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 52. Passport & ID Photo Maker ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 53. ID Photo ID Photo Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
