The laboratory equipment services market is segmented based on service type, equipment type, service contract, service provider, end user, and region.
This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Laboratory Equipment Services, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Laboratory Equipment Services. This report contains market size and forecasts of Laboratory Equipment Services in global, including the following market information:
Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Revenue, 2019-2024, 2024-2029, ($ millions)
Global top five companies in 2023 (%)
The global Laboratory Equipment Services market was valued at US$ 8539.6 million in 2023 and is projected to reach US$ 13960 million by 2029, at a CAGR of 7.3% during the forecast period. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
Asia is expected to register the highest growth in the laboratory equipment services market, by region.
MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Laboratory Equipment Services companies, and industry experts on this industry, involving the revenue, demand, product type, recent developments and plans, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market, by Type, 2019-2024, 2024-2029 ($ millions)
Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2023 (%)
Repair
Calibration
Installation
Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market, by Application, 2019-2024, 2024-2029 ($ millions)
Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2023 (%)
Hospital
Biological Science And Technology
Pharmaceutical Companies
Authorities
Other
Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market, By Region and Country, 2019-2024, 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2023 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Laboratory Equipment Services revenues in global market, 2019-2024 (estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Laboratory Equipment Services revenues share in global market, 2023 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
Agilent Technologies
Thermo Fisher Scientific
Siemens Healthcare
Danaher
Mindray Medical International
Hitachi High-Technologies
Eppendorf
Hettich Instruments
Perkinelmer
Pace Analytical Services
Merck Millipore
Outline of Major Chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduces the definition of Laboratory Equipment Services, market overview.
Chapter 2: Global Laboratory Equipment Services market size in revenue.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Laboratory Equipment Services company competitive landscape, revenue and market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 6: Sales of Laboratory Equipment Services in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 8: The main points and conclusions of the report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Laboratory Equipment Services Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Laboratory Equipment Services Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size: 2022 VS 2031
2.2 Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2019-2031
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Laboratory Equipment Services Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Laboratory Equipment Services Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Laboratory Equipment Services Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.5 Global Companies Laboratory Equipment Services Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Laboratory Equipment Services Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Laboratory Equipment Services Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Laboratory Equipment Services Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2031
4.1.2 Repair
4.1.3 Calibration
4.1.4 Installation
4.2 By Type - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2019-2024
4.2.2 By Type - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2024-2031
4.2.3 By Type - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2022 & 2031
5.1.2 Hospital
5.1.3 Biological Science And Technology
5.1.4 Pharmaceutical Companies
5.1.5 Authorities
5.1.6 Other
5.2 By Application - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2019-2024
5.2.2 By Application - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2024-2031
5.2.3 By Application - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2022 & 2031
6.2 By Region - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2019-2024
6.2.2 By Region - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2024-2031
6.2.3 By Region - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2019-2031
6.3.2 US Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.3.3 Canada Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.3.4 Mexico Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2019-2031
6.4.2 Germany Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.4.3 France Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.4.4 U.K. Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.4.5 Italy Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.4.6 Russia Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.4.7 Nordic Countries Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.4.8 Benelux Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2019-2031
6.5.2 China Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.5.3 Japan Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.5.4 South Korea Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.5.5 Southeast Asia Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.5.6 India Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2019-2031
6.6.2 Brazil Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.6.3 Argentina Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2019-2031
6.7.2 Turkey Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.7.3 Israel Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
6.7.5 UAE Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size, 2019-2031
7 Laboratory Equipment Services Companies Profiles
7.1 Agilent Technologies
7.1.1 Agilent Technologies Company Summary
7.1.2 Agilent Technologies Business Overview
7.1.3 Agilent Technologies Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Agilent Technologies Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.1.5 Agilent Technologies Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Thermo Fisher Scientific
7.2.1 Thermo Fisher Scientific Company Summary
7.2.2 Thermo Fisher Scientific Business Overview
7.2.3 Thermo Fisher Scientific Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Thermo Fisher Scientific Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.2.5 Thermo Fisher Scientific Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Siemens Healthcare
7.3.1 Siemens Healthcare Company Summary
7.3.2 Siemens Healthcare Business Overview
7.3.3 Siemens Healthcare Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Siemens Healthcare Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.3.5 Siemens Healthcare Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Danaher
7.4.1 Danaher Company Summary
7.4.2 Danaher Business Overview
7.4.3 Danaher Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Danaher Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.4.5 Danaher Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Mindray Medical International
7.5.1 Mindray Medical International Company Summary
7.5.2 Mindray Medical International Business Overview
7.5.3 Mindray Medical International Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Mindray Medical International Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.5.5 Mindray Medical International Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Hitachi High-Technologies
7.6.1 Hitachi High-Technologies Company Summary
7.6.2 Hitachi High-Technologies Business Overview
7.6.3 Hitachi High-Technologies Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Hitachi High-Technologies Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.6.5 Hitachi High-Technologies Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Eppendorf
7.7.1 Eppendorf Company Summary
7.7.2 Eppendorf Business Overview
7.7.3 Eppendorf Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Eppendorf Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.7.5 Eppendorf Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Hettich Instruments
7.8.1 Hettich Instruments Company Summary
7.8.2 Hettich Instruments Business Overview
7.8.3 Hettich Instruments Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Hettich Instruments Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.8.5 Hettich Instruments Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 Perkinelmer
7.9.1 Perkinelmer Company Summary
7.9.2 Perkinelmer Business Overview
7.9.3 Perkinelmer Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Perkinelmer Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.9.5 Perkinelmer Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 Pace Analytical Services
7.10.1 Pace Analytical Services Company Summary
7.10.2 Pace Analytical Services Business Overview
7.10.3 Pace Analytical Services Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Pace Analytical Services Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.10.5 Pace Analytical Services Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 Merck Millipore
7.11.1 Merck Millipore Company Summary
7.11.2 Merck Millipore Business Overview
7.11.3 Merck Millipore Laboratory Equipment Services Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Merck Millipore Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.11.5 Merck Millipore Key News & Latest Developments
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Laboratory Equipment Services Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Laboratory Equipment Services Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Laboratory Equipment Services Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Laboratory Equipment Services in Global Market
Table 5. Top Laboratory Equipment Services Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 6. Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 7. Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Share by Companies, 2019-2024
Table 8. Global Companies Laboratory Equipment Services Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Laboratory Equipment Services Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Laboratory Equipment Services Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2031
Table 12. By Type - Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 13. By Type - Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2031
Table 14. By Application ? Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2031
Table 15. By Application - Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 16. By Application - Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2031
Table 17. By Region ? Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2031
Table 18. By Region - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 19. By Region - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2031
Table 20. By Country - North America Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 21. By Country - North America Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2031
Table 22. By Country - Europe Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 23. By Country - Europe Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2031
Table 24. By Region - Asia Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 25. By Region - Asia Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2031
Table 26. By Country - South America Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 27. By Country - South America Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2031
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2031
Table 30. Agilent Technologies Company Summary
Table 31. Agilent Technologies Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 32. Agilent Technologies Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 33. Agilent Technologies Key News & Latest Developments
Table 34. Thermo Fisher Scientific Company Summary
Table 35. Thermo Fisher Scientific Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 36. Thermo Fisher Scientific Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 37. Thermo Fisher Scientific Key News & Latest Developments
Table 38. Siemens Healthcare Company Summary
Table 39. Siemens Healthcare Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 40. Siemens Healthcare Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 41. Siemens Healthcare Key News & Latest Developments
Table 42. Danaher Company Summary
Table 43. Danaher Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 44. Danaher Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 45. Danaher Key News & Latest Developments
Table 46. Mindray Medical International Company Summary
Table 47. Mindray Medical International Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 48. Mindray Medical International Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 49. Mindray Medical International Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Hitachi High-Technologies Company Summary
Table 51. Hitachi High-Technologies Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 52. Hitachi High-Technologies Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 53. Hitachi High-Technologies Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Eppendorf Company Summary
Table 55. Eppendorf Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 56. Eppendorf Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 57. Eppendorf Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Hettich Instruments Company Summary
Table 59. Hettich Instruments Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 60. Hettich Instruments Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 61. Hettich Instruments Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. Perkinelmer Company Summary
Table 63. Perkinelmer Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 64. Perkinelmer Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 65. Perkinelmer Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Pace Analytical Services Company Summary
Table 67. Pace Analytical Services Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 68. Pace Analytical Services Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 69. Pace Analytical Services Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Merck Millipore Company Summary
Table 71. Merck Millipore Laboratory Equipment Services Product Offerings
Table 72. Merck Millipore Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 73. Merck Millipore Key News & Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Laboratory Equipment Services Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Laboratory Equipment Services Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Laboratory Equipment Services Market Size: 2022 VS 2031 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, 2019-2031 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue in 2022
Figure 8. By Type - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
Figure 9. By Application - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
Figure 10. By Type - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2031
Figure 11. By Type - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
Figure 12. By Application - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2031
Figure 13. By Application - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
Figure 14. By Region - Global Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
Figure 15. By Country - North America Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
Figure 16. US Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 17. Canada Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 18. Mexico Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 19. By Country - Europe Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
Figure 20. Germany Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 21. France Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 22. U.K. Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 23. Italy Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 24. Russia Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 25. Nordic Countries Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 26. Benelux Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 27. By Region - Asia Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
Figure 28. China Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 29. Japan Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 30. South Korea Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 31. Southeast Asia Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 32. India Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 33. By Country - South America Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
Figure 34. Brazil Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 35. Argentina Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 36. By Country - Middle East & Africa Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2031
Figure 37. Turkey Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 38. Israel Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 39. Saudi Arabia Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 40. UAE Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2031
Figure 41. Agilent Technologies Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 42. Thermo Fisher Scientific Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 43. Siemens Healthcare Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 44. Danaher Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 45. Mindray Medical International Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 46. Hitachi High-Technologies Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 47. Eppendorf Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 48. Hettich Instruments Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 49. Perkinelmer Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 50. Pace Analytical Services Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 51. Merck Millipore Laboratory Equipment Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
