Diabetes is a metabolic disease, wherein the body is either unable to secret insulin (type 1 diabetes) or is unable to utilize the generated insulin (type 2 diabetes).
This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs. This report contains market size and forecasts of Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs in global, including the following market information:
Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Revenue, 2018-2023, 2024-2030, ($ millions)
Global top five companies in 2022 (%)
The global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs market was valued at US$ million in 2022 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2029, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2022, While China is to reach $ Million.
Oral Drugs Segment to Reach $ Million by 2029, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs include Sanofi, Abbott, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson & Johnson and Novartis, etc. in 2022, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
We surveyed the Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs companies, and industry experts on this industry, involving the revenue, demand, product type, recent developments and plans, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market, by Type, 2018-2023, 2024-2030 ($ millions)
Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2022 (%)
Oral Drugs
Injectable Drugs
Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market, by Application, 2018-2023, 2024-2030 ($ millions)
Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2022 (%)
Hospital Pharmacies
Retail Pharmacies
Online Pharmacies
Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market, By Region and Country, 2018-2023, 2024-2030 ($ Millions)
Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2022 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs revenues in global market, 2018-2023 (estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs revenues share in global market, 2022 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
Sanofi
Abbott
AstraZeneca
Eli Lilly
Roche
GlaxoSmithKline
Johnson & Johnson
Novartis
Outline of Major Chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduces the definition of Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs, market overview.
Chapter 2: Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs market size in revenue.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs company competitive landscape, revenue and market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 6: Sales of Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 8: The main points and conclusions of the report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size: 2022 VS 2030
2.2 Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2030
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.5 Global Companies Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2030
4.1.2 Oral Drugs
4.1.3 Injectable Drugs
4.2 By Type - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2024-2030
4.2.3 By Type - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2022 & 2030
5.1.2 Hospital Pharmacies
5.1.3 Retail Pharmacies
5.1.4 Online Pharmacies
5.2 By Application - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2024-2030
5.2.3 By Application - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2022 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2024-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2018-2030
6.3.2 US Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.3.3 Canada Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.3.4 Mexico Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2018-2030
6.4.2 Germany Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.3 France Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.4 U.K. Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.5 Italy Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.6 Russia Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.7 Nordic Countries Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.4.8 Benelux Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2018-2030
6.5.2 China Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.3 Japan Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.4 South Korea Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.5 Southeast Asia Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.5.6 India Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2018-2030
6.6.2 Brazil Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.6.3 Argentina Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2018-2030
6.7.2 Turkey Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.3 Israel Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
6.7.5 UAE Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size, 2018-2030
7 Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Companies Profiles
7.1 Sanofi
7.1.1 Sanofi Company Summary
7.1.2 Sanofi Business Overview
7.1.3 Sanofi Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Sanofi Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.1.5 Sanofi Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Abbott
7.2.1 Abbott Company Summary
7.2.2 Abbott Business Overview
7.2.3 Abbott Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Abbott Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.2.5 Abbott Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 AstraZeneca
7.3.1 AstraZeneca Company Summary
7.3.2 AstraZeneca Business Overview
7.3.3 AstraZeneca Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 AstraZeneca Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.3.5 AstraZeneca Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Eli Lilly
7.4.1 Eli Lilly Company Summary
7.4.2 Eli Lilly Business Overview
7.4.3 Eli Lilly Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Eli Lilly Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Eli Lilly Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Roche
7.5.1 Roche Company Summary
7.5.2 Roche Business Overview
7.5.3 Roche Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Roche Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Roche Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 GlaxoSmithKline
7.6.1 GlaxoSmithKline Company Summary
7.6.2 GlaxoSmithKline Business Overview
7.6.3 GlaxoSmithKline Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 GlaxoSmithKline Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.6.5 GlaxoSmithKline Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Johnson & Johnson
7.7.1 Johnson & Johnson Company Summary
7.7.2 Johnson & Johnson Business Overview
7.7.3 Johnson & Johnson Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Johnson & Johnson Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Johnson & Johnson Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Novartis
7.8.1 Novartis Company Summary
7.8.2 Novartis Business Overview
7.8.3 Novartis Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Novartis Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.8.5 Novartis Key News & Latest Developments
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs in Global Market
Table 5. Top Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 6. Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 7. Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 8. Global Companies Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 12. By Type - Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 14. By Application ? Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 15. By Application - Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 16. By Application - Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 17. By Region ? Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Table 18. By Region - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 19. By Region - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 20. By Country - North America Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 21. By Country - North America Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 22. By Country - Europe Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Country - Europe Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 24. By Region - Asia Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Asia Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 26. By Country - South America Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - South America Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2030
Table 30. Sanofi Company Summary
Table 31. Sanofi Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Product Offerings
Table 32. Sanofi Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 33. Sanofi Key News & Latest Developments
Table 34. Abbott Company Summary
Table 35. Abbott Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Product Offerings
Table 36. Abbott Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 37. Abbott Key News & Latest Developments
Table 38. AstraZeneca Company Summary
Table 39. AstraZeneca Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Product Offerings
Table 40. AstraZeneca Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 41. AstraZeneca Key News & Latest Developments
Table 42. Eli Lilly Company Summary
Table 43. Eli Lilly Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Product Offerings
Table 44. Eli Lilly Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 45. Eli Lilly Key News & Latest Developments
Table 46. Roche Company Summary
Table 47. Roche Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Product Offerings
Table 48. Roche Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 49. Roche Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. GlaxoSmithKline Company Summary
Table 51. GlaxoSmithKline Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Product Offerings
Table 52. GlaxoSmithKline Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 53. GlaxoSmithKline Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Johnson & Johnson Company Summary
Table 55. Johnson & Johnson Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Product Offerings
Table 56. Johnson & Johnson Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 57. Johnson & Johnson Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Novartis Company Summary
Table 59. Novartis Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Product Offerings
Table 60. Novartis Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 61. Novartis Key News & Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Market Size: 2022 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, 2018-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue in 2022
Figure 8. By Type - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 9. By Application - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 10. By Type - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Figure 11. By Type - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 12. By Application - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2030
Figure 13. By Application - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 14. By Region - Global Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 15. By Country - North America Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 16. US Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 17. Canada Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 18. Mexico Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 19. By Country - Europe Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 20. Germany Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 21. France Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 22. U.K. Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 23. Italy Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 24. Russia Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 25. Nordic Countries Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 26. Benelux Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 27. By Region - Asia Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 28. China Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 29. Japan Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 30. South Korea Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 31. Southeast Asia Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 32. India Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 33. By Country - South America Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 34. Brazil Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 35. Argentina Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 36. By Country - Middle East & Africa Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Market Share, 2018-2030
Figure 37. Turkey Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 38. Israel Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 39. Saudi Arabia Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 40. UAE Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2030
Figure 41. Sanofi Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 42. Abbott Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 43. AstraZeneca Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 44. Eli Lilly Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 45. Roche Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 46. GlaxoSmithKline Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 47. Johnson & Johnson Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 48. Novartis Non Insulin Anti diabetes Drugs Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
