Online wine sales are a kind of sales channel for wine, through the Internet to connect with customers in the sales process and after-sales service.
This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Online Wine Sales, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Online Wine Sales. This report contains market size and forecasts of Online Wine Sales in global, including the following market information:
Global Online Wine Sales Market Revenue, 2018-2023, 2024-2029, ($ millions)
Global top five companies in 2022 (%)
The global Online Wine Sales market was valued at US$ million in 2022 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2029, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2022, While China is to reach $ Million.
Red Wine Segment to Reach $ Million by 2029, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of Online Wine Sales include Wine On Sale, WTSO, Shopwinedirect, WineExpress, Winesale, Justwines, Winedeals, Grays and Buy Wines Online, etc. in 2022, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
We surveyed the Online Wine Sales companies, and industry experts on this industry, involving the revenue, demand, product type, recent developments and plans, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Online Wine Sales Market, by Type, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ millions)
Global Online Wine Sales Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2022 (%)
Red Wine
Liquor
Others
Global Online Wine Sales Market, by Application, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ millions)
Global Online Wine Sales Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2022 (%)
Wedding
Party
Hobby
Others
Global Online Wine Sales Market, By Region and Country, 2018-2023, 2024-2029 ($ Millions)
Global Online Wine Sales Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2022 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Online Wine Sales revenues in global market, 2018-2023 (estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Online Wine Sales revenues share in global market, 2022 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
Wine On Sale
WTSO
Shopwinedirect
WineExpress
Winesale
Justwines
Winedeals
Grays
Buy Wines Online
Black Market
Wine Time Online
Internet Wines
I Like Wine
O?Briens
Outline of Major Chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduces the definition of Online Wine Sales, market overview.
Chapter 2: Global Online Wine Sales market size in revenue.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Online Wine Sales company competitive landscape, revenue and market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 6: Sales of Online Wine Sales in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 8: The main points and conclusions of the report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Online Wine Sales Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Online Wine Sales Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Online Wine Sales Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Online Wine Sales Market Size: 2022 VS 2029
2.2 Global Online Wine Sales Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2029
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Online Wine Sales Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Online Wine Sales Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Online Wine Sales Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Online Wine Sales Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.5 Global Companies Online Wine Sales Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Online Wine Sales Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Online Wine Sales Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Online Wine Sales Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Online Wine Sales Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2029
4.1.2 Red Wine
4.1.3 Liquor
4.1.4 Others
4.2 By Type - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2024-2029
4.2.3 By Type - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2022 & 2029
5.1.2 Wedding
5.1.3 Party
5.1.4 Hobby
5.1.5 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2024-2029
5.2.3 By Application - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2022 & 2029
6.2 By Region - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2024-2029
6.2.3 By Region - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2018-2029
6.3.2 US Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.3.3 Canada Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.3.4 Mexico Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2018-2029
6.4.2 Germany Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.3 France Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.4 U.K. Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.5 Italy Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.6 Russia Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.7 Nordic Countries Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.8 Benelux Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2018-2029
6.5.2 China Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.3 Japan Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.4 South Korea Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.5 Southeast Asia Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.6 India Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2018-2029
6.6.2 Brazil Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.3 Argentina Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2018-2029
6.7.2 Turkey Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.3 Israel Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.5 UAE Online Wine Sales Market Size, 2018-2029
7 Online Wine Sales Companies Profiles
7.1 Wine On Sale
7.1.1 Wine On Sale Company Summary
7.1.2 Wine On Sale Business Overview
7.1.3 Wine On Sale Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Wine On Sale Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.1.5 Wine On Sale Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 WTSO
7.2.1 WTSO Company Summary
7.2.2 WTSO Business Overview
7.2.3 WTSO Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 WTSO Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.2.5 WTSO Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Shopwinedirect
7.3.1 Shopwinedirect Company Summary
7.3.2 Shopwinedirect Business Overview
7.3.3 Shopwinedirect Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Shopwinedirect Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Shopwinedirect Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 WineExpress
7.4.1 WineExpress Company Summary
7.4.2 WineExpress Business Overview
7.4.3 WineExpress Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 WineExpress Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.4.5 WineExpress Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 Winesale
7.5.1 Winesale Company Summary
7.5.2 Winesale Business Overview
7.5.3 Winesale Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Winesale Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.5.5 Winesale Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Justwines
7.6.1 Justwines Company Summary
7.6.2 Justwines Business Overview
7.6.3 Justwines Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Justwines Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Justwines Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Winedeals
7.7.1 Winedeals Company Summary
7.7.2 Winedeals Business Overview
7.7.3 Winedeals Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Winedeals Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Winedeals Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Grays
7.8.1 Grays Company Summary
7.8.2 Grays Business Overview
7.8.3 Grays Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Grays Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.8.5 Grays Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 Buy Wines Online
7.9.1 Buy Wines Online Company Summary
7.9.2 Buy Wines Online Business Overview
7.9.3 Buy Wines Online Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Buy Wines Online Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.9.5 Buy Wines Online Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 Black Market
7.10.1 Black Market Company Summary
7.10.2 Black Market Business Overview
7.10.3 Black Market Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Black Market Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.10.5 Black Market Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 Wine Time Online
7.11.1 Wine Time Online Company Summary
7.11.2 Wine Time Online Business Overview
7.11.3 Wine Time Online Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Wine Time Online Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.11.5 Wine Time Online Key News & Latest Developments
7.12 Internet Wines
7.12.1 Internet Wines Company Summary
7.12.2 Internet Wines Business Overview
7.12.3 Internet Wines Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 Internet Wines Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.12.5 Internet Wines Key News & Latest Developments
7.13 I Like Wine
7.13.1 I Like Wine Company Summary
7.13.2 I Like Wine Business Overview
7.13.3 I Like Wine Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.13.4 I Like Wine Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.13.5 I Like Wine Key News & Latest Developments
7.14 O?Briens
7.14.1 O?Briens Company Summary
7.14.2 O?Briens Business Overview
7.14.3 O?Briens Online Wine Sales Major Product Offerings
7.14.4 O?Briens Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global Market (2018-2023)
7.14.5 O?Briens Key News & Latest Developments
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Online Wine Sales Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Online Wine Sales Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Online Wine Sales Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Online Wine Sales in Global Market
Table 5. Top Online Wine Sales Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 6. Global Online Wine Sales Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 7. Global Online Wine Sales Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 8. Global Companies Online Wine Sales Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Online Wine Sales Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Online Wine Sales Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 12. By Type - Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 14. By Application ? Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 15. By Application - Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 16. By Application - Online Wine Sales Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 17. By Region ? Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 18. By Region - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 19. By Region - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 20. By Country - North America Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 21. By Country - North America Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 22. By Country - Europe Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Country - Europe Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 24. By Region - Asia Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Asia Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 26. By Country - South America Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - South America Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 30. Wine On Sale Company Summary
Table 31. Wine On Sale Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 32. Wine On Sale Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 33. Wine On Sale Key News & Latest Developments
Table 34. WTSO Company Summary
Table 35. WTSO Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 36. WTSO Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 37. WTSO Key News & Latest Developments
Table 38. Shopwinedirect Company Summary
Table 39. Shopwinedirect Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 40. Shopwinedirect Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 41. Shopwinedirect Key News & Latest Developments
Table 42. WineExpress Company Summary
Table 43. WineExpress Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 44. WineExpress Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 45. WineExpress Key News & Latest Developments
Table 46. Winesale Company Summary
Table 47. Winesale Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 48. Winesale Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 49. Winesale Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Justwines Company Summary
Table 51. Justwines Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 52. Justwines Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 53. Justwines Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Winedeals Company Summary
Table 55. Winedeals Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 56. Winedeals Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 57. Winedeals Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Grays Company Summary
Table 59. Grays Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 60. Grays Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 61. Grays Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. Buy Wines Online Company Summary
Table 63. Buy Wines Online Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 64. Buy Wines Online Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 65. Buy Wines Online Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Black Market Company Summary
Table 67. Black Market Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 68. Black Market Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 69. Black Market Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Wine Time Online Company Summary
Table 71. Wine Time Online Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 72. Wine Time Online Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 73. Wine Time Online Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. Internet Wines Company Summary
Table 75. Internet Wines Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 76. Internet Wines Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 77. Internet Wines Key News & Latest Developments
Table 78. I Like Wine Company Summary
Table 79. I Like Wine Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 80. I Like Wine Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 81. I Like Wine Key News & Latest Developments
Table 82. O?Briens Company Summary
Table 83. O?Briens Online Wine Sales Product Offerings
Table 84. O?Briens Online Wine Sales Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Table 85. O?Briens Key News & Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Online Wine Sales Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Online Wine Sales Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Online Wine Sales Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Online Wine Sales Market Size: 2022 VS 2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, 2018-2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Online Wine Sales Revenue in 2022
Figure 8. By Type - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 9. By Application - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 10. By Type - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 11. By Type - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 12. By Application - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 13. By Application - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 14. By Region - Global Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 15. By Country - North America Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 16. US Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 17. Canada Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 18. Mexico Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 19. By Country - Europe Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 20. Germany Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 21. France Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 22. U.K. Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 23. Italy Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 24. Russia Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 25. Nordic Countries Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 26. Benelux Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 27. By Region - Asia Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 28. China Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 29. Japan Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 30. South Korea Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 31. Southeast Asia Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 32. India Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 33. By Country - South America Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 34. Brazil Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 35. Argentina Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 36. By Country - Middle East & Africa Online Wine Sales Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 37. Turkey Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 38. Israel Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 39. Saudi Arabia Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 40. UAE Online Wine Sales Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 41. Wine On Sale Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 42. WTSO Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 43. Shopwinedirect Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 44. WineExpress Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 45. Winesale Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 46. Justwines Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 47. Winedeals Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 48. Grays Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 49. Buy Wines Online Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 50. Black Market Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 51. Wine Time Online Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 52. Internet Wines Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 53. I Like Wine Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
Figure 54. O?Briens Online Wine Sales Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2018-2023)
