This research report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Operational Consulting Services market, focusing on the current trends, market dynamics, and future prospects. The report explores the global Operational Consulting Services market, including major regions such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and emerging markets. It also examines key factors driving the growth of Operational Consulting Services, challenges faced by the industry, and potential opportunities for market players.
The global Operational Consulting Services market has witnessed rapid growth in recent years, driven by increasing environmental concerns, government incentives, and advancements in technology. The Operational Consulting Services market presents opportunities for various stakeholders, including Financial operations, Human Resource Operations. Collaboration between the private sector and governments can accelerate the development of supportive policies, research and development efforts, and investment in Operational Consulting Services market. Additionally, the growing consumer demand present avenues for market expansion.
The global Operational Consulting Services market was valued at US$ million in 2023 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period.
Key Features:
The research report on the Operational Consulting Services market includes several key features to provide comprehensive insights and facilitate decision-making for stakeholders.
Executive Summary: The report provides overview of the key findings, market trends, and major insights of the Operational Consulting Services market.
Market Overview: The report provides a comprehensive overview of the Operational Consulting Services market, including its definition, historical development, and current market size. It covers market segmentation by Type (e.g., Large Enterprises Consultation Service, Small and Medium Enterprises Consultation Service), region, and application, highlighting the key drivers, challenges, and opportunities within each segment.
Market Dynamics: The report analyses the market dynamics driving the growth and development of the Operational Consulting Services market. The report includes an assessment of government policies and regulations, technological advancements, consumer trends and preferences, infrastructure development, and industry collaborations. This analysis helps stakeholders understand the factors influencing the Operational Consulting Services market's trajectory.
Competitive Landscape: The report provides an in-depth analysis of the competitive landscape within the Operational Consulting Services market. It includes profiles of major market players, their market share, strategies, product portfolios, and recent developments.
Market Segmentation and Forecast: The report segment the Operational Consulting Services market based on various parameters, such as by Type, region, and by Application. It provides market size and growth forecasts for each segment, supported by quantitative data and analysis. This helps stakeholders identify growth opportunities and make informed investment decisions.
Technological Trends: The report should highlight the key technological trends shaping the Operational Consulting Services market, such as advancements in Type One technology and emerging substitutes. It analyses the impact of these trends on market growth, adoption rates, and consumer preferences.
Market Challenges and Opportunities: The report identify and analyses the major challenges faced by the Operational Consulting Services market, such as technical bottleneck, cost limitations, and high entry barrier. It also highlights the opportunities for market growth, such as government incentives, emerging markets, and collaborations between stakeholders.
Regulatory and Policy Analysis: The report should assess the regulatory and policy landscape for Operational Consulting Services, including government incentives, emission standards, and infrastructure development plans. It should analyse the impact of these policies on market growth and provide insights into future regulatory developments.
Recommendations and Conclusion: The report conclude with actionable recommendations for stakeholders, such as Application One Consumer, policymakers, investors, and infrastructure providers. These recommendations should be based on the research findings and address key challenges and opportunities within the Operational Consulting Services market.
Supporting Data and Appendices: The report include supporting data, charts, and graphs to substantiate the analysis and findings. It also includes appendices with additional detailed information, such as data sources, survey questionnaires, and detailed market forecasts.
Market Segmentation
Operational Consulting Services market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2019-2030, the growth among segments provides accurate calculations and forecasts for consumption value by Type, and by Application in terms of value.
Market segment by Type
Large Enterprises Consultation Service
Small and Medium Enterprises Consultation Service
Market segment by Application
Financial operations
Human Resource Operations
Project Management
Manufacturing Operations
Others
Global Operational Consulting Services Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2023 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Major players covered
IBM
Deloitte Consulting
Accenture
McKinsey
PwC
The Hackett
Riveron Consulting
KPMG
Agro Consulting
A.T. Kearney
OCG Consultancy
Outline of Major Chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduces the definition of Operational Consulting Services, market overview.
Chapter 2: Global Operational Consulting Services market size in revenue.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Operational Consulting Services company competitive landscape, revenue and market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 6: Sales of Operational Consulting Services in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 8: The main points and conclusions of the report.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Operational Consulting Services Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Operational Consulting Services Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Operational Consulting Services Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Operational Consulting Services Market Size: 2023 VS 2030
2.2 Global Operational Consulting Services Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2019-2030
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Operational Consulting Services Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Operational Consulting Services Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Operational Consulting Services Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2023
3.5 Global Companies Operational Consulting Services Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Operational Consulting Services Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Operational Consulting Services Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Operational Consulting Services Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Operational Consulting Services Market Size Markets, 2023 & 2030
4.1.2 Large Enterprises Consultation Service
4.1.3 Small and Medium Enterprises Consultation Service
4.2 By Type - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2019-2024
4.2.2 By Type - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2025-2030
4.2.3 By Type - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2023 & 2030
5.1.2 Financial operations
5.1.3 Human Resource Operations
5.1.4 Project Management
5.1.5 Manufacturing Operations
5.1.6 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2019-2024
5.2.2 By Application - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2025-2030
5.2.3 By Application - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2023 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2019-2024
6.2.2 By Region - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2025-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2019-2030
6.3.2 US Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.3.3 Canada Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.3.4 Mexico Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2019-2030
6.4.2 Germany Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.3 France Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.4 U.K. Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.5 Italy Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.6 Russia Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.7 Nordic Countries Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.8 Benelux Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2019-2030
6.5.2 China Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.3 Japan Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.4 South Korea Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.5 Southeast Asia Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.6 India Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2019-2030
6.6.2 Brazil Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.6.3 Argentina Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2019-2030
6.7.2 Turkey Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7.3 Israel Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7.5 UAE Operational Consulting Services Market Size, 2019-2030
7 Operational Consulting Services Companies Profiles
7.1 IBM
7.1.1 IBM Company Summary
7.1.2 IBM Business Overview
7.1.3 IBM Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 IBM Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.1.5 IBM Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Deloitte Consulting
7.2.1 Deloitte Consulting Company Summary
7.2.2 Deloitte Consulting Business Overview
7.2.3 Deloitte Consulting Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Deloitte Consulting Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.2.5 Deloitte Consulting Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Accenture
7.3.1 Accenture Company Summary
7.3.2 Accenture Business Overview
7.3.3 Accenture Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Accenture Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.3.5 Accenture Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 McKinsey
7.4.1 McKinsey Company Summary
7.4.2 McKinsey Business Overview
7.4.3 McKinsey Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 McKinsey Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.4.5 McKinsey Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 PwC
7.5.1 PwC Company Summary
7.5.2 PwC Business Overview
7.5.3 PwC Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 PwC Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.5.5 PwC Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 The Hackett
7.6.1 The Hackett Company Summary
7.6.2 The Hackett Business Overview
7.6.3 The Hackett Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 The Hackett Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.6.5 The Hackett Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Riveron Consulting
7.7.1 Riveron Consulting Company Summary
7.7.2 Riveron Consulting Business Overview
7.7.3 Riveron Consulting Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Riveron Consulting Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.7.5 Riveron Consulting Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 KPMG
7.8.1 KPMG Company Summary
7.8.2 KPMG Business Overview
7.8.3 KPMG Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 KPMG Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.8.5 KPMG Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 Agro Consulting
7.9.1 Agro Consulting Company Summary
7.9.2 Agro Consulting Business Overview
7.9.3 Agro Consulting Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Agro Consulting Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.9.5 Agro Consulting Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 A.T. Kearney
7.10.1 A.T. Kearney Company Summary
7.10.2 A.T. Kearney Business Overview
7.10.3 A.T. Kearney Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 A.T. Kearney Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.10.5 A.T. Kearney Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 OCG Consultancy
7.11.1 OCG Consultancy Company Summary
7.11.2 OCG Consultancy Business Overview
7.11.3 OCG Consultancy Operational Consulting Services Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 OCG Consultancy Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.11.5 OCG Consultancy Key News & Latest Developments
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Operational Consulting Services Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Operational Consulting Services Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Operational Consulting Services Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Operational Consulting Services in Global Market
Table 5. Top Operational Consulting Services Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2023)
Table 6. Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 7. Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue Share by Companies, 2019-2024
Table 8. Global Companies Operational Consulting Services Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Operational Consulting Services Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2023 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Operational Consulting Services Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2023 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Table 12. By Type - Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 13. By Type - Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 14. By Application ? Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Table 15. By Application - Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 16. By Application - Operational Consulting Services Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 17. By Region ? Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Table 18. By Region - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 19. By Region - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 20. By Country - North America Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 21. By Country - North America Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 22. By Country - Europe Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 23. By Country - Europe Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 24. By Region - Asia Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 25. By Region - Asia Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 26. By Country - South America Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 27. By Country - South America Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 30. IBM Company Summary
Table 31. IBM Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 32. IBM Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 33. IBM Key News & Latest Developments
Table 34. Deloitte Consulting Company Summary
Table 35. Deloitte Consulting Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 36. Deloitte Consulting Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 37. Deloitte Consulting Key News & Latest Developments
Table 38. Accenture Company Summary
Table 39. Accenture Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 40. Accenture Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 41. Accenture Key News & Latest Developments
Table 42. McKinsey Company Summary
Table 43. McKinsey Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 44. McKinsey Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 45. McKinsey Key News & Latest Developments
Table 46. PwC Company Summary
Table 47. PwC Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 48. PwC Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 49. PwC Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. The Hackett Company Summary
Table 51. The Hackett Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 52. The Hackett Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 53. The Hackett Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Riveron Consulting Company Summary
Table 55. Riveron Consulting Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 56. Riveron Consulting Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 57. Riveron Consulting Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. KPMG Company Summary
Table 59. KPMG Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 60. KPMG Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 61. KPMG Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. Agro Consulting Company Summary
Table 63. Agro Consulting Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 64. Agro Consulting Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 65. Agro Consulting Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. A.T. Kearney Company Summary
Table 67. A.T. Kearney Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 68. A.T. Kearney Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 69. A.T. Kearney Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. OCG Consultancy Company Summary
Table 71. OCG Consultancy Operational Consulting Services Product Offerings
Table 72. OCG Consultancy Operational Consulting Services Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 73. OCG Consultancy Key News & Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Operational Consulting Services Segment by Type in 2023
Figure 2. Operational Consulting Services Segment by Application in 2023
Figure 3. Global Operational Consulting Services Market Overview: 2023
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Operational Consulting Services Market Size: 2023 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, 2019-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Operational Consulting Services Revenue in 2023
Figure 8. By Type - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 9. By Application - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 10. By Type - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Figure 11. By Type - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 12. By Application - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Figure 13. By Application - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 14. By Region - Global Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 15. By Country - North America Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 16. US Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 17. Canada Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 18. Mexico Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 19. By Country - Europe Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 20. Germany Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 21. France Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 22. U.K. Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 23. Italy Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 24. Russia Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 25. Nordic Countries Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 26. Benelux Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 27. By Region - Asia Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 28. China Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 29. Japan Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 30. South Korea Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 31. Southeast Asia Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 32. India Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 33. By Country - South America Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 34. Brazil Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 35. Argentina Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 36. By Country - Middle East & Africa Operational Consulting Services Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 37. Turkey Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 38. Israel Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 39. Saudi Arabia Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 40. UAE Operational Consulting Services Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 41. IBM Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 42. Deloitte Consulting Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 43. Accenture Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 44. McKinsey Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 45. PwC Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 46. The Hackett Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 47. Riveron Consulting Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 48. KPMG Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 49. Agro Consulting Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 50. A.T. Kearney Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 51. OCG Consultancy Operational Consulting Services Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
